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Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign.

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Title: Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign.
Authors: Feng, Zhe1, Hagos, Samson1, Rowe, Angela K.2, Burleyson, Casey D.1, Martini, Matus N.1, Szoeke, Simon P.3
Source: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Jun2015, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p357-381. 25p.
Subject Terms: *Ocean temperature, *Precipitation anomalies, Convective clouds, Convective flow, Atmospheric radiation measurement, Madden-Julian oscillation, Parameterization
Abstract: This paper investigates the mechanisms of convective cloud organization by precipitation-driven cold pools over the warm tropical Indian Ocean during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) Investigation Experiment/Dynamics of the MJO (AMIE/DYNAMO) field campaign. A high-resolution regional model simulation is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model during the transition from suppressed to active phases of the November 2011 MJO. The simulated cold pool lifetimes, spatial extent, and thermodynamic properties agree well with the radar and ship-borne observations from the field campaign. The thermodynamic and dynamic structures of the outflow boundaries of isolated and intersecting cold pools in the simulation and the associated secondary cloud populations are examined. Intersecting cold pools last more than twice as long, are twice as large, 41% more intense (measured with buoyancy), and 62% deeper than isolated cold pools. Consequently, intersecting cold pools trigger 73% more convection than do isolated ones. This is due to stronger outflows that enhance secondary updraft velocities by up to 45%. However, cold pool-triggered convective clouds grow into deep convection not because of the stronger secondary updrafts at cloud base, but rather due to closer spacing (aggregation) between clouds and larger cloud clusters that form along the cold pool boundaries when they intersect. The close spacing of large clouds moistens the local environment and reduces entrainment drying, increasing the probability that the clouds further develop into deep convection. Implications for the design of future convective parameterization with cold pool-modulated entrainment rates are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+Zhe%22">Feng, Zhe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hagos%2C+Samson%22">Hagos, Samson</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rowe%2C+Angela+K%2E%22">Rowe, Angela K.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burleyson%2C+Casey+D%2E%22">Burleyson, Casey D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martini%2C+Matus+N%2E%22">Martini, Matus N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Szoeke%2C+Simon+P%2E%22">Szoeke, Simon P.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems%22">Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</searchLink>. Jun2015, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p357-381. 25p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean+temperature%22">Ocean temperature</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Precipitation+anomalies%22">Precipitation anomalies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convective+clouds%22">Convective clouds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convective+flow%22">Convective flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+radiation+measurement%22">Atmospheric radiation measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Madden-Julian+oscillation%22">Madden-Julian oscillation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parameterization%22">Parameterization</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper investigates the mechanisms of convective cloud organization by precipitation-driven cold pools over the warm tropical Indian Ocean during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) Investigation Experiment/Dynamics of the MJO (AMIE/DYNAMO) field campaign. A high-resolution regional model simulation is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model during the transition from suppressed to active phases of the November 2011 MJO. The simulated cold pool lifetimes, spatial extent, and thermodynamic properties agree well with the radar and ship-borne observations from the field campaign. The thermodynamic and dynamic structures of the outflow boundaries of isolated and intersecting cold pools in the simulation and the associated secondary cloud populations are examined. Intersecting cold pools last more than twice as long, are twice as large, 41% more intense (measured with buoyancy), and 62% deeper than isolated cold pools. Consequently, intersecting cold pools trigger 73% more convection than do isolated ones. This is due to stronger outflows that enhance secondary updraft velocities by up to 45%. However, cold pool-triggered convective clouds grow into deep convection not because of the stronger secondary updrafts at cloud base, but rather due to closer spacing (aggregation) between clouds and larger cloud clusters that form along the cold pool boundaries when they intersect. The close spacing of large clouds moistens the local environment and reduces entrainment drying, increasing the probability that the clouds further develop into deep convection. Implications for the design of future convective parameterization with cold pool-modulated entrainment rates are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/2014MS000384
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 357
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ocean temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Precipitation anomalies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Convective clouds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Convective flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric radiation measurement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Madden-Julian oscillation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parameterization
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign.
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            NameFull: Feng, Zhe
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            NameFull: Hagos, Samson
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            NameFull: Rowe, Angela K.
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            NameFull: Burleyson, Casey D.
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            NameFull: Martini, Matus N.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2015
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              Y: 2015
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