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Downward transport of ozone rich air and implications for atmospheric chemistry in the Amazon rainforest.

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Title: Downward transport of ozone rich air and implications for atmospheric chemistry in the Amazon rainforest.
Authors: Gerken, Tobias1 tobias.gerken@psu.edu, Wei, Dandan1, Chase, Randy J.2, Fuentes, Jose D.1, Schumacher, Courtney3, Machado, Luiz A.T.4, Andreoli, Rita V.5, Chamecki, Marcelo1, Ferreira de Souza, Rodrigo A.5, Freire, Livia S.1, Jardine, Angela B.6, Manzi, Antonio O.6, Nascimento dos Santos, Rosa M.5, von Randow, Celso4, dos Santos Costa, Patrícia5,6, Stoy, Paul C.7, Tóta, Julio8, Trowbridge, Amy M.7,9
Source: Atmospheric Environment. Jan2016 Part A, Vol. 124, p64-76. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Atmospheric chemistry, *Rain forests, *Air pollution, *Troposphere, Ozone & the environment, Monoterpenes
Abstract: From April 2014 to January 2015, ozone (O 3 ) dynamics were investigated as part of GoAmazon 2014/5 project in the central Amazon rainforest of Brazil. Just above the forest canopy, maximum hourly O 3 mixing ratios averaged 20 ppbv (parts per billion on a volume basis) during the June–September dry months and 15 ppbv during the wet months. Ozone levels occasionally exceeded 75 ppbv in response to influences from biomass burning and regional air pollution. Individual convective storms transported O 3 -rich air parcels from the mid-troposphere to the surface and abruptly enhanced the regional atmospheric boundary layer by as much as 25 ppbv. In contrast to the individual storms, days with multiple convective systems produced successive, cumulative ground-level O 3 increases. The magnitude of O 3 enhancements depended on the vertical distribution of O 3 within storm downdrafts and origin of downdrafts in the troposphere. Ozone mixing ratios remained enhanced for > 2 h following the passage of storms, which enhanced chemical processing of rainforest-emitted isoprene and monoterpenes. Reactions of isoprene and monoterpenes with O 3 are modeled to generate maximum hydroxyl radical formation rates of 6 × 10 6  radicals cm −3 s −1 . Therefore, one key conclusion of the present study is that downdrafts of convective storms are estimated to transport enough O 3 to the surface to initiate a series of reactions that reduce the lifetimes of rainforest-emitted hydrocarbons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Downward transport of ozone rich air and implications for atmospheric chemistry in the Amazon rainforest.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gerken%2C+Tobias%22">Gerken, Tobias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> tobias.gerken@psu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei%2C+Dandan%22">Wei, Dandan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chase%2C+Randy+J%2E%22">Chase, Randy J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fuentes%2C+Jose+D%2E%22">Fuentes, Jose D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schumacher%2C+Courtney%22">Schumacher, Courtney</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Machado%2C+Luiz+A%2ET%2E%22">Machado, Luiz A.T.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andreoli%2C+Rita+V%2E%22">Andreoli, Rita V.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chamecki%2C+Marcelo%22">Chamecki, Marcelo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferreira+de+Souza%2C+Rodrigo+A%2E%22">Ferreira de Souza, Rodrigo A.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freire%2C+Livia+S%2E%22">Freire, Livia S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jardine%2C+Angela+B%2E%22">Jardine, Angela B.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manzi%2C+Antonio+O%2E%22">Manzi, Antonio O.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nascimento+dos+Santos%2C+Rosa+M%2E%22">Nascimento dos Santos, Rosa M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22von+Randow%2C+Celso%22">von Randow, Celso</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22dos+Santos+Costa%2C+Patrícia%22">dos Santos Costa, Patrícia</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stoy%2C+Paul+C%2E%22">Stoy, Paul C.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tóta%2C+Julio%22">Tóta, Julio</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Trowbridge%2C+Amy+M%2E%22">Trowbridge, Amy M.</searchLink><relatesTo>7,9</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Atmospheric+Environment%22">Atmospheric Environment</searchLink>. Jan2016 Part A, Vol. 124, p64-76. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+chemistry%22">Atmospheric chemistry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rain+forests%22">Rain forests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Air+pollution%22">Air pollution</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Troposphere%22">Troposphere</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ozone+%26+the+environment%22">Ozone & the environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Monoterpenes%22">Monoterpenes</searchLink>
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  Data: From April 2014 to January 2015, ozone (O 3 ) dynamics were investigated as part of GoAmazon 2014/5 project in the central Amazon rainforest of Brazil. Just above the forest canopy, maximum hourly O 3 mixing ratios averaged 20 ppbv (parts per billion on a volume basis) during the June–September dry months and 15 ppbv during the wet months. Ozone levels occasionally exceeded 75 ppbv in response to influences from biomass burning and regional air pollution. Individual convective storms transported O 3 -rich air parcels from the mid-troposphere to the surface and abruptly enhanced the regional atmospheric boundary layer by as much as 25 ppbv. In contrast to the individual storms, days with multiple convective systems produced successive, cumulative ground-level O 3 increases. The magnitude of O 3 enhancements depended on the vertical distribution of O 3 within storm downdrafts and origin of downdrafts in the troposphere. Ozone mixing ratios remained enhanced for > 2 h following the passage of storms, which enhanced chemical processing of rainforest-emitted isoprene and monoterpenes. Reactions of isoprene and monoterpenes with O 3 are modeled to generate maximum hydroxyl radical formation rates of 6 × 10 6  radicals cm −3 s −1 . Therefore, one key conclusion of the present study is that downdrafts of convective storms are estimated to transport enough O 3 to the surface to initiate a series of reactions that reduce the lifetimes of rainforest-emitted hydrocarbons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.11.014
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