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The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden- Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent.

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Title: The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden- Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent.
Authors: Hagos, Samson M.1 samson.hagos@pnnl.gov, Zhang, Chidong2, Feng, Zhe1, Burleyson, Casey D.1, De Mott, Charlotte3, Kerns, Brandon2, Benedict, James J.2, Martini, Matus N.4
Source: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Dec2016, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p1552-1564. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Clouds, *Ocean-atmosphere interaction, *Rainfall anomalies, Circadian rhythms, Madden-Julian oscillation, Continents
Abstract: Influences of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) convection across the Maritime Continent (MC) are examined using cloud-permitting regional model simulations and observations. A pair of ensembles of control (CONTROL) and no-diurnal cycle (NODC) simulations of the November 2011 MJO episode are performed. In the CONTROL simulations, the MJO signal is weakened as it propagates across the MC, with much of the convection stalling over the large islands of Sumatra and Borneo. In the NODC simulations, where the incoming shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere is maintained at its daily mean value, the MJO convection signal propagating across the MC is enhanced. Examination of the surface energy fluxes in the simulations indicates that the surface downwelling shortwave radiation is larger in the presence of the diurnal cycle (CONTROL simulations) primarily because clouds preferentially form in the afternoon and are smaller during day time in comparison to nighttime. Furthermore, the diurnal covariability of surface wind speed and skin temperature results in a larger sensible heat flux and a cooler land surface in the CONTROL runs compared to NODC runs. An analysis of observations indicates that ahead of and behind the MJO active phase, the diurnal cycle of cloudiness enhances downwelling shortwave radiation and hence convection over the MC islands. This enhanced stationary convection competes with and disrupts the convective signal of MJO events that propagate over the waters surrounding the islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden- Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hagos%2C+Samson+M%2E%22">Hagos, Samson M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> samson.hagos@pnnl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Chidong%22">Zhang, Chidong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+Zhe%22">Feng, Zhe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burleyson%2C+Casey+D%2E%22">Burleyson, Casey D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Mott%2C+Charlotte%22">De Mott, Charlotte</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kerns%2C+Brandon%22">Kerns, Brandon</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Benedict%2C+James+J%2E%22">Benedict, James J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martini%2C+Matus+N%2E%22">Martini, Matus N.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems%22">Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</searchLink>. Dec2016, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p1552-1564. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clouds%22">Clouds</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean-atmosphere+interaction%22">Ocean-atmosphere interaction</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rainfall+anomalies%22">Rainfall anomalies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circadian+rhythms%22">Circadian rhythms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Madden-Julian+oscillation%22">Madden-Julian oscillation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continents%22">Continents</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Influences of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) convection across the Maritime Continent (MC) are examined using cloud-permitting regional model simulations and observations. A pair of ensembles of control (CONTROL) and no-diurnal cycle (NODC) simulations of the November 2011 MJO episode are performed. In the CONTROL simulations, the MJO signal is weakened as it propagates across the MC, with much of the convection stalling over the large islands of Sumatra and Borneo. In the NODC simulations, where the incoming shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere is maintained at its daily mean value, the MJO convection signal propagating across the MC is enhanced. Examination of the surface energy fluxes in the simulations indicates that the surface downwelling shortwave radiation is larger in the presence of the diurnal cycle (CONTROL simulations) primarily because clouds preferentially form in the afternoon and are smaller during day time in comparison to nighttime. Furthermore, the diurnal covariability of surface wind speed and skin temperature results in a larger sensible heat flux and a cooler land surface in the CONTROL runs compared to NODC runs. An analysis of observations indicates that ahead of and behind the MJO active phase, the diurnal cycle of cloudiness enhances downwelling shortwave radiation and hence convection over the MC islands. This enhanced stationary convection competes with and disrupts the convective signal of MJO events that propagate over the waters surrounding the islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/2016MS000725
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Ocean-atmosphere interaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rainfall anomalies
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      – SubjectFull: Circadian rhythms
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      – SubjectFull: Madden-Julian oscillation
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      – SubjectFull: Continents
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      – TitleFull: The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden- Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent.
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              Text: Dec2016
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