Formation and alteration of airborne particles in the subway environment.
Saved in:
| Title: | Formation and alteration of airborne particles in the subway environment. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Moreno, T.1, Querol, X.1, Martins, V.1, Minguillón, M. C.1, Reche, C.1, Ku, L. H.2, Eun, H. R.2, Ahn, K. H.2, Capdevila, M.3, De Miguel, E.3 |
| Source: | Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. Jan2017, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p59-64. 6p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Dust & the environment, Subways, Scanning electron microscopy |
| Abstract: | Most particles in the rail subway environment are sub-micron sized ferruginous flakes and splinters generated mechanically by frictional wear of brake pads, wheels and rails. To better understand the mechanisms of formation and the alteration processes affecting inhalable particles in subways, PM samples (1–2.5 μm and 2.5–10 μm) were collected in the Barcelona Metro and then studied under a scanning electron microscope. Most particles in these samples are hematitic (up to 88%), with relatively minor amounts of mineral matter (up to 9%) and sulphates (up to 5%). Detailed microscopy (using back scattered and TEM-DRX imaging) reveals how many of the metallic particles comprise the metallic Fe nucleus surrounded by hematite (Fe2O3) and a coating of sulphate and chloride salts mixed with mineral matter (including Ca-carbonates, clay minerals and quartz). These observations record the emission of fine to ultrafine FePM by frictional wear at elevated temperatures that promote rapid partial (or complete) oxidation of the native metal. Water condensing on the PM surface during cooling leads to the adsorption of inorganic mineral particles that coat the iron oxide. The distinctively layered polymineralic structure that results from these processes is peculiar to particles generated in the subway environment and very different from PM typically inhaled outdoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts is the property of Royal Society of Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | GreenFILE |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
|---|---|
| Header | DbId: 8gh DbLabel: GreenFILE An: 120981986 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
| IllustrationInfo | |
| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Formation and alteration of airborne particles in the subway environment. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moreno%2C+T%2E%22">Moreno, T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Querol%2C+X%2E%22">Querol, X.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martins%2C+V%2E%22">Martins, V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Minguillón%2C+M%2E+C%2E%22">Minguillón, M. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reche%2C+C%2E%22">Reche, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ku%2C+L%2E+H%2E%22">Ku, L. H.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eun%2C+H%2E+R%2E%22">Eun, H. R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahn%2C+K%2E+H%2E%22">Ahn, K. H.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Capdevila%2C+M%2E%22">Capdevila, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Miguel%2C+E%2E%22">De Miguel, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Science%3A+Processes+%26+Impacts%22">Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts</searchLink>. Jan2017, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p59-64. 6p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dust+%26+the+environment%22">Dust & the environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Subways%22">Subways</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scanning+electron+microscopy%22">Scanning electron microscopy</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Most particles in the rail subway environment are sub-micron sized ferruginous flakes and splinters generated mechanically by frictional wear of brake pads, wheels and rails. To better understand the mechanisms of formation and the alteration processes affecting inhalable particles in subways, PM samples (1–2.5 μm and 2.5–10 μm) were collected in the Barcelona Metro and then studied under a scanning electron microscope. Most particles in these samples are hematitic (up to 88%), with relatively minor amounts of mineral matter (up to 9%) and sulphates (up to 5%). Detailed microscopy (using back scattered and TEM-DRX imaging) reveals how many of the metallic particles comprise the metallic Fe nucleus surrounded by hematite (Fe2O3) and a coating of sulphate and chloride salts mixed with mineral matter (including Ca-carbonates, clay minerals and quartz). These observations record the emission of fine to ultrafine FePM by frictional wear at elevated temperatures that promote rapid partial (or complete) oxidation of the native metal. Water condensing on the PM surface during cooling leads to the adsorption of inorganic mineral particles that coat the iron oxide. The distinctively layered polymineralic structure that results from these processes is peculiar to particles generated in the subway environment and very different from PM typically inhaled outdoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts is the property of Royal Society of Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=8gh&AN=120981986 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1039/c6em00576d Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 6 StartPage: 59 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Dust & the environment Type: general – SubjectFull: Subways Type: general – SubjectFull: Scanning electron microscopy Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Formation and alteration of airborne particles in the subway environment. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Moreno, T. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Querol, X. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Martins, V. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Minguillón, M. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Reche, C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ku, L. H. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Eun, H. R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ahn, K. H. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Capdevila, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: De Miguel, E. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: Jan2017 Type: published Y: 2017 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20507887 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
