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Patterns of vole gnawing on saplings in managed clearings in Central European forests.

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Title: Patterns of vole gnawing on saplings in managed clearings in Central European forests.
Authors: Krojerová-Prokešová, Jarmila1,2 krojerova@ivb.cz, Homolka, Miloslav2, Heroldová, Marta2,3, Barančeková, Miroslava2,4, Baňař, Petr1, Kamler, Jiří2,3, Modlinger, Roman5, Purchart, Luboš3, Zejda, Jan2, Suchomel, Josef1
Source: Forest Ecology & Management. Jan2018, Vol. 408, p137-147. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Forests & forestry, *Forest management, *Forest ecology, Sap (Plant), Voles
Geographic Terms: Europe
Abstract: Sustainable management of European forests aims to ensure economic targets (timber production) as well as ecological aims of the forest (maintenance of biodiversity). Smaller-sized clear-cutting followed by artificial planting creates a mosaic of small forest patches suitable for many small mammals including three possible pest species – the bank vole ( Clethrionomys glareolus ), the field vole ( Microtus agrestis ) and the common vole ( Microtus arvalis ). The vole gnawing pattern was studied on a number of small-sized clearings (up to 2 hectares) situated in managed forests in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). Damage by voles gnawing occurred almost in all study areas; mostly damaged were saplings on clearings at the age up to 5 years after planting, with herb layer dominated by grasses and situated above 700 m a.s.l. The field vole was identified as the main pest species and its density was identified as the most important predictor of gnawing occurrence even though its density on clearings was usually lower than that of the bank vole. Gnawing by voles caused direct mortality of saplings to a greater degree than other biotic factors including deer fraying and browsing; however, saplings were able to repress the effect of gnawing by natural re-grow of bark and the majority of damaged saplings survived, even though with significant stem deformations. While strong inter-annual variation in damage rate is reported in northern Europe, damage rates in Central European managed forests are lower (at about 3.5% per annum) but more consistent with only moderate inter-annual variation. As a result, despite the relatively low rate of damage which may occur in any given year, damage levels can accumulate over several years after planting with significant economic implications for forestry management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Forest Ecology & Management is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Patterns of vole gnawing on saplings in managed clearings in Central European forests.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krojerová-Prokešová%2C+Jarmila%22">Krojerová-Prokešová, Jarmila</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> krojerova@ivb.cz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Homolka%2C+Miloslav%22">Homolka, Miloslav</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heroldová%2C+Marta%22">Heroldová, Marta</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barančeková%2C+Miroslava%22">Barančeková, Miroslava</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baňař%2C+Petr%22">Baňař, Petr</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kamler%2C+Jiří%22">Kamler, Jiří</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Modlinger%2C+Roman%22">Modlinger, Roman</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Purchart%2C+Luboš%22">Purchart, Luboš</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zejda%2C+Jan%22">Zejda, Jan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suchomel%2C+Josef%22">Suchomel, Josef</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Forest+Ecology+%26+Management%22">Forest Ecology & Management</searchLink>. Jan2018, Vol. 408, p137-147. 11p.
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  Data: Sustainable management of European forests aims to ensure economic targets (timber production) as well as ecological aims of the forest (maintenance of biodiversity). Smaller-sized clear-cutting followed by artificial planting creates a mosaic of small forest patches suitable for many small mammals including three possible pest species – the bank vole ( Clethrionomys glareolus ), the field vole ( Microtus agrestis ) and the common vole ( Microtus arvalis ). The vole gnawing pattern was studied on a number of small-sized clearings (up to 2 hectares) situated in managed forests in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). Damage by voles gnawing occurred almost in all study areas; mostly damaged were saplings on clearings at the age up to 5 years after planting, with herb layer dominated by grasses and situated above 700 m a.s.l. The field vole was identified as the main pest species and its density was identified as the most important predictor of gnawing occurrence even though its density on clearings was usually lower than that of the bank vole. Gnawing by voles caused direct mortality of saplings to a greater degree than other biotic factors including deer fraying and browsing; however, saplings were able to repress the effect of gnawing by natural re-grow of bark and the majority of damaged saplings survived, even though with significant stem deformations. While strong inter-annual variation in damage rate is reported in northern Europe, damage rates in Central European managed forests are lower (at about 3.5% per annum) but more consistent with only moderate inter-annual variation. As a result, despite the relatively low rate of damage which may occur in any given year, damage levels can accumulate over several years after planting with significant economic implications for forestry management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Forest Ecology & Management is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.10.047
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 137
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Forests & forestry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forest management
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      – SubjectFull: Forest ecology
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      – SubjectFull: Sap (Plant)
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      – SubjectFull: Voles
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