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The Extra‐Magnetospheric Ion Environment as Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (MMS‐HPCA).

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Title: The Extra‐Magnetospheric Ion Environment as Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (MMS‐HPCA).
Authors: Gomez, R. G.1 rgomez@swri.edu, Fuselier, S. A.1,2, Mukherjee, J.1, Gonzalez, C. A.1, Burch, J. L.1, Strangeway, R. J.3, Starkey, M. J.2
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Mar2019, Vol. 124 Issue 3, p1509-1524. 16p.
Subject Terms: Magnetosphere, Multiscale modeling, High temperature plasmas, Interplanetary magnetic fields, Solar gravity
Abstract: Observations within the solar wind (SW) environment outside of the Earth's magnetosphere were conducted on 6 December 2016, by the Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. At the time of measurement, the SW was in a compressed state with a southbound interplanetary magnetic field of 9 nT and corresponding increases in proton density and dynamic pressure. High time resolution measurements of pickup ions in this region were made during the time when the Earth is situated in a solar gravitational focusing cone for interstellar neutrals. Proton measurements revealed a suprathermal ion population traveling with a maximum velocity that is two and a half times that of the SW velocity (Vsw). Helium ions exhibited pitch angle scattering that was uncorrelated with changes in the interplanetary magnetic field orientation. The time‐of‐flight measurements exhibited expected contributions from both protons and singly charged helium. Because the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft are in the SW, counts from heavy SW ions (possibly Fe7+ or Fe8+) with M/Q = 8 AMU/e are observed with a mean energy/charge (E/Q) of 5.75 keV/e. Key Points: Pickup ions of interstellar or inner source origin are observable with near‐Earth plasma instrumentsShort‐term PUI measurements can be used to survey composition variance in the Sun's gravitational focusing coneAnalyzing PUI distribution functions for gyrotropy can hint at acceleration processes that occur within the solar system [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The Extra‐Magnetospheric Ion Environment as Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (MMS‐HPCA).
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gomez%2C+R%2E+G%2E%22">Gomez, R. G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> rgomez@swri.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fuselier%2C+S%2E+A%2E%22">Fuselier, S. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mukherjee%2C+J%2E%22">Mukherjee, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gonzalez%2C+C%2E+A%2E%22">Gonzalez, C. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burch%2C+J%2E+L%2E%22">Burch, J. L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strangeway%2C+R%2E+J%2E%22">Strangeway, R. J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Starkey%2C+M%2E+J%2E%22">Starkey, M. J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Mar2019, Vol. 124 Issue 3, p1509-1524. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetosphere%22">Magnetosphere</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiscale+modeling%22">Multiscale modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+temperature+plasmas%22">High temperature plasmas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interplanetary+magnetic+fields%22">Interplanetary magnetic fields</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+gravity%22">Solar gravity</searchLink>
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  Data: Observations within the solar wind (SW) environment outside of the Earth's magnetosphere were conducted on 6 December 2016, by the Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. At the time of measurement, the SW was in a compressed state with a southbound interplanetary magnetic field of 9 nT and corresponding increases in proton density and dynamic pressure. High time resolution measurements of pickup ions in this region were made during the time when the Earth is situated in a solar gravitational focusing cone for interstellar neutrals. Proton measurements revealed a suprathermal ion population traveling with a maximum velocity that is two and a half times that of the SW velocity (Vsw). Helium ions exhibited pitch angle scattering that was uncorrelated with changes in the interplanetary magnetic field orientation. The time‐of‐flight measurements exhibited expected contributions from both protons and singly charged helium. Because the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft are in the SW, counts from heavy SW ions (possibly Fe7+ or Fe8+) with M/Q = 8 AMU/e are observed with a mean energy/charge (E/Q) of 5.75 keV/e. Key Points: Pickup ions of interstellar or inner source origin are observable with near‐Earth plasma instrumentsShort‐term PUI measurements can be used to survey composition variance in the Sun's gravitational focusing coneAnalyzing PUI distribution functions for gyrotropy can hint at acceleration processes that occur within the solar system [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1029/2018JA025392
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Multiscale modeling
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      – SubjectFull: High temperature plasmas
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      – SubjectFull: Interplanetary magnetic fields
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      – SubjectFull: Solar gravity
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      – TitleFull: The Extra‐Magnetospheric Ion Environment as Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (MMS‐HPCA).
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              Text: Mar2019
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