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Dissipation of Earthward Propagating Flux Rope Through Re‐reconnection with Geomagnetic Field: An MMS Case Study.

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Title: Dissipation of Earthward Propagating Flux Rope Through Re‐reconnection with Geomagnetic Field: An MMS Case Study.
Authors: Poh, Gangkai1 gangkai.poh@nasa.gov, Slavin, James A.1, Lu, San2,3, Le, Guan4, Ozturk, Dogacan Su1, Sun, Wei‐Jie1, Zou, Shasha1, Eastwood, Jonathan P.5, Nakamura, Rumi6, Baumjohann, Wolfgang6, Russell, Christopher T.2,3, Gershman, Daniel J.4,7, Giles, Barbara L.4, Pollock, Craig J.4, Moore, Thomas E.4, Torbert, Roy B.8,9, Burch, James L.9
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Sep2019, Vol. 124 Issue 9, p7477-7493. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Geomagnetism, Energy dissipation, Magnetic reconnection, Hybrid computer simulation
Company/Entity: Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (U.S.)
Abstract: Three‐dimensional global hybrid simulations and observations have shown that earthward‐moving flux ropes (FRs) can undergo magnetic reconnection (or re‐reconnection) with the near‐Earth dipole field to create dipolarization front (DF)‐like signatures that are immediately preceded by brief intervals of negative BZ. The simultaneous erosion of the southward BZ field at the leading edge of the FR and continuous reconnection of lobe magnetic flux at the X‐line tailward of the FR result in the asymmetric south‐north BZ signature in many earthward‐moving FRs and possibly DFs with negative BZ dips prior to their observation. In this study, we analyzed Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) observation of fields and plasma signatures associated with the encounter of an ion diffusion region ahead of an earthward‐moving FR on 3 August 2017. The signatures of this re‐reconnection event were (i) +/− BZ reversal, (ii) −/+ bipolar‐type quadrupolar Hall magnetic fields, (iii) northward super‐Alfvénic electron outflow jet of ~1,000–1,500 km/s, (iv) Hall electric field of ~15 mV/m, (v) intense currents of ~40–100 nA/m2, and (vi) J·E′ ~0.11 nW/m3. Our analysis suggests that the MMS spacecraft encounters the ion and electron diffusion regions but misses the X‐line. Our results are in good agreement with particle‐in‐cell simulations of Lu et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022815). We computed a dimensionless reconnection rate of ~0.09 for this re‐reconnection event and through modeling, estimating that the FR would fully dissipate by −16.58 RE. We demonstrated pertubations in the high‐latitude ionospheric currents at the same time of the dissipation of earthward‐moving FRs using ground‐ and space‐based measurements. Key Points: Observations of the fields and plasma signatures associated with the encounter of a re‐reconnection X‐line and its ion diffusion regionOur observations indicate that the leading edge of earthward flux rope is being eroded through re‐reconnection with the geomagnetic fieldGround‐ and space‐based measurements show correlation between the dissipation process of earthward flux ropes and auroral substorm activity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Dissipation of Earthward Propagating Flux Rope Through Re‐reconnection with Geomagnetic Field: An MMS Case Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Poh%2C+Gangkai%22">Poh, Gangkai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> gangkai.poh@nasa.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Slavin%2C+James+A%2E%22">Slavin, James A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+San%22">Lu, San</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Le%2C+Guan%22">Le, Guan</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ozturk%2C+Dogacan+Su%22">Ozturk, Dogacan Su</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Wei‐Jie%22">Sun, Wei‐Jie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zou%2C+Shasha%22">Zou, Shasha</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eastwood%2C+Jonathan+P%2E%22">Eastwood, Jonathan P.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nakamura%2C+Rumi%22">Nakamura, Rumi</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baumjohann%2C+Wolfgang%22">Baumjohann, Wolfgang</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Russell%2C+Christopher+T%2E%22">Russell, Christopher T.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gershman%2C+Daniel+J%2E%22">Gershman, Daniel J.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Giles%2C+Barbara+L%2E%22">Giles, Barbara L.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pollock%2C+Craig+J%2E%22">Pollock, Craig J.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moore%2C+Thomas+E%2E%22">Moore, Thomas E.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Torbert%2C+Roy+B%2E%22">Torbert, Roy B.</searchLink><relatesTo>8,9</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burch%2C+James+L%2E%22">Burch, James L.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Sep2019, Vol. 124 Issue 9, p7477-7493. 17p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geomagnetism%22">Geomagnetism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+dissipation%22">Energy dissipation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+reconnection%22">Magnetic reconnection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hybrid+computer+simulation%22">Hybrid computer simulation</searchLink>
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Three‐dimensional global hybrid simulations and observations have shown that earthward‐moving flux ropes (FRs) can undergo magnetic reconnection (or re‐reconnection) with the near‐Earth dipole field to create dipolarization front (DF)‐like signatures that are immediately preceded by brief intervals of negative BZ. The simultaneous erosion of the southward BZ field at the leading edge of the FR and continuous reconnection of lobe magnetic flux at the X‐line tailward of the FR result in the asymmetric south‐north BZ signature in many earthward‐moving FRs and possibly DFs with negative BZ dips prior to their observation. In this study, we analyzed Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) observation of fields and plasma signatures associated with the encounter of an ion diffusion region ahead of an earthward‐moving FR on 3 August 2017. The signatures of this re‐reconnection event were (i) +/− BZ reversal, (ii) −/+ bipolar‐type quadrupolar Hall magnetic fields, (iii) northward super‐Alfvénic electron outflow jet of ~1,000–1,500 km/s, (iv) Hall electric field of ~15 mV/m, (v) intense currents of ~40–100 nA/m2, and (vi) J·E′ ~0.11 nW/m3. Our analysis suggests that the MMS spacecraft encounters the ion and electron diffusion regions but misses the X‐line. Our results are in good agreement with particle‐in‐cell simulations of Lu et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022815). We computed a dimensionless reconnection rate of ~0.09 for this re‐reconnection event and through modeling, estimating that the FR would fully dissipate by −16.58 RE. We demonstrated pertubations in the high‐latitude ionospheric currents at the same time of the dissipation of earthward‐moving FRs using ground‐ and space‐based measurements. Key Points: Observations of the fields and plasma signatures associated with the encounter of a re‐reconnection X‐line and its ion diffusion regionOur observations indicate that the leading edge of earthward flux rope is being eroded through re‐reconnection with the geomagnetic fieldGround‐ and space‐based measurements show correlation between the dissipation process of earthward flux ropes and auroral substorm activity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1029/2018JA026451
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Geomagnetism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy dissipation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic reconnection
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      – SubjectFull: Hybrid computer simulation
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (U.S.)
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      – TitleFull: Dissipation of Earthward Propagating Flux Rope Through Re‐reconnection with Geomagnetic Field: An MMS Case Study.
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