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Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact ∼12,800 Years Ago: A Reply.

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Title: Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact ∼12,800 Years Ago: A Reply.
Authors: Wolbach, Wendy S.1 (AUTHOR) allen7633@aol.com, Ballard, Joanne P.2 (AUTHOR), Mayewski, Paul A.3 (AUTHOR), Kurbatov, Andrei3 (AUTHOR), Bunch, Ted E.4 (AUTHOR), LeCompte, Malcolm A.5 (AUTHOR), Adedeji, Victor6 (AUTHOR), Israde-Alcántara, Isabel7 (AUTHOR), Firestone, Richard B.8 (AUTHOR), Mahaney, William C.9 (AUTHOR), Melott, Adrian L.10 (AUTHOR), Moore, Christopher R.11 (AUTHOR), Napier, William M.12 (AUTHOR), Howard, George A.13 (AUTHOR), Tankersley, Kenneth B.14 (AUTHOR), Thomas, Brian C.15 (AUTHOR), Wittke, James H.4 (AUTHOR), Johnson, John R.16 (AUTHOR), Mitra, Siddhartha17 (AUTHOR), Kennett, James P.18 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Geology. Jan2020, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p95-107. 13p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subject Terms: Ice cores, Younger Dryas, Impact craters
Abstract: Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact ~12,800 Years Ago: A Reply Most of the following discussion deals with the implications of the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) layer, including evidence supporting extensive YDB burning and its proposed age, identification, and context within the chronological record. It is important to note that the actual radiocarbon date ( HT 10,900±100 ht SP 14 sp C y BP) for the YDB impact event has remained the same in all YDB publications, whereas the calibrated age has been revised multiple times by an independent, international body. Even so, the stratigraphic context of a proxy-rich layer or samples at these sites I supports a YDB age i " (p. E4351; emphasis added) and later, they wrote that "because these nine sites contain the same abundance peaks in proxies that are found at well-dated YDB sites, we have I proposed i that they are of YDB age" (app., p. 34; emphasis added). Here is the inferred sequence of events: (1) ~12,800 y ago, Clovis artisans at Topper were producing chert projectile points just before the YDB impact event occurred, as shown by the lack of YDB spherules beneath the debitage; (2) then, the YDB impact event occurred, as shown by spherules directly atop the debitage; (3) a multicentury hiatus in quarry usage followed, after which post-Clovis Paleoindians resumed quarry activity after the middle of the Younger Dryas. [Extracted from the article]
Copyright of Journal of Geology is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact ∼12,800 Years Ago: A Reply.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wolbach%2C+Wendy+S%2E%22">Wolbach, Wendy S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> allen7633@aol.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ballard%2C+Joanne+P%2E%22">Ballard, Joanne P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mayewski%2C+Paul+A%2E%22">Mayewski, Paul A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kurbatov%2C+Andrei%22">Kurbatov, Andrei</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bunch%2C+Ted+E%2E%22">Bunch, Ted E.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22LeCompte%2C+Malcolm+A%2E%22">LeCompte, Malcolm A.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adedeji%2C+Victor%22">Adedeji, Victor</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Israde-Alcántara%2C+Isabel%22">Israde-Alcántara, Isabel</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Firestone%2C+Richard+B%2E%22">Firestone, Richard B.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mahaney%2C+William+C%2E%22">Mahaney, William C.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Melott%2C+Adrian+L%2E%22">Melott, Adrian L.</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moore%2C+Christopher+R%2E%22">Moore, Christopher R.</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Napier%2C+William+M%2E%22">Napier, William M.</searchLink><relatesTo>12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howard%2C+George+A%2E%22">Howard, George A.</searchLink><relatesTo>13</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tankersley%2C+Kenneth+B%2E%22">Tankersley, Kenneth B.</searchLink><relatesTo>14</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas%2C+Brian+C%2E%22">Thomas, Brian C.</searchLink><relatesTo>15</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wittke%2C+James+H%2E%22">Wittke, James H.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johnson%2C+John+R%2E%22">Johnson, John R.</searchLink><relatesTo>16</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitra%2C+Siddhartha%22">Mitra, Siddhartha</searchLink><relatesTo>17</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kennett%2C+James+P%2E%22">Kennett, James P.</searchLink><relatesTo>18</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geology%22">Journal of Geology</searchLink>. Jan2020, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p95-107. 13p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ice+cores%22">Ice cores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Younger+Dryas%22">Younger Dryas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+craters%22">Impact craters</searchLink>
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  Data: Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact ~12,800 Years Ago: A Reply Most of the following discussion deals with the implications of the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) layer, including evidence supporting extensive YDB burning and its proposed age, identification, and context within the chronological record. It is important to note that the actual radiocarbon date ( HT <math overflow="scroll" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mn>10,900</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>100</mn></mrow></math> ht SP 14 sp C y BP) for the YDB impact event has remained the same in all YDB publications, whereas the calibrated age has been revised multiple times by an independent, international body. Even so, the stratigraphic context of a proxy-rich layer or samples at these sites I supports a YDB age i " (p. E4351; emphasis added) and later, they wrote that "because these nine sites contain the same abundance peaks in proxies that are found at well-dated YDB sites, we have I proposed i that they are of YDB age" (app., p. 34; emphasis added). Here is the inferred sequence of events: (1) ~12,800 y ago, Clovis artisans at Topper were producing chert projectile points just before the YDB impact event occurred, as shown by the lack of YDB spherules beneath the debitage; (2) then, the YDB impact event occurred, as shown by spherules directly atop the debitage; (3) a multicentury hiatus in quarry usage followed, after which post-Clovis Paleoindians resumed quarry activity after the middle of the Younger Dryas. [Extracted from the article]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geology is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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