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Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry in Energetic (>20 keV) Particles Adjacent to Saturn's Magnetopause.

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Title: Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry in Energetic (>20 keV) Particles Adjacent to Saturn's Magnetopause.
Authors: Kan Liou1, Paranicas, Chris1, Vines, Sarah1, Kollmann, Peter1, Allen, Robert C.1, Clark, George B.1, Mitchell, Donald G.1, Jackman, Caitriona M.2,3, Masters, Adam4, Achilleos, Nick5, Roussos, Elias6, Krupp, Norbert6
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Feb2021, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p1-18. 18p.
Subject Terms: Solar energetic particles, Magnetopause, Magnetosphere of Saturn, Atmosphere of Saturn
Company/Entity: Cassini (Spacecraft)
Abstract: Energetic particles (>~25 keV) have been observed routinely in the terrestrial magnetosheath, but have not been well studied at the magnetosheaths of the outer planets. Here we analyze energetic electrons and ions (mostly protons) in the vicinity (±1 RS) of Saturn's magnetopause, using particle data acquired with the low-energy magnetosphere measurements system, one of the three sensors of the magnetosphere imaging instrument on board the Cassini spacecraft, during a period of ~14 years (2004--2017). It is found that energetic particles, especially ions, are also common in Saturn's magnetosheath. A clear inward (toward Saturn) gradient in the electron differential flux is identified, suggestive of magnetospheric sources. Such an inward gradient does not appear in some of the ion channels. We conclude that Saturn's magnetopause acts as a porous barrier for energetic electrons and, to a lesser extent, for energetic ions. A dawn-dusk asymmetry in the gradient of particle flux across the magnetopause is also identified, with a gradual decrease at the dawn and a sharp decrease at the dusk magnetopause. It is also found that magnetic reconnection enhanced flux levels just outside of the magnetopause, with evidence suggesting that these particles are from magnetospheric sources. These findings strongly suggest that Saturn's magnetosphere is most likely the main source of energetic particles in Saturn's magnetosheath and magnetosphere leakage is an important process responsible for the presence of the energetic particles in Saturn's magnetosheath. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry in Energetic (>20 keV) Particles Adjacent to Saturn's Magnetopause.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Feb2021, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p1-18. 18p.
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  Data: Energetic particles (>~25 keV) have been observed routinely in the terrestrial magnetosheath, but have not been well studied at the magnetosheaths of the outer planets. Here we analyze energetic electrons and ions (mostly protons) in the vicinity (±1 RS) of Saturn's magnetopause, using particle data acquired with the low-energy magnetosphere measurements system, one of the three sensors of the magnetosphere imaging instrument on board the Cassini spacecraft, during a period of ~14 years (2004--2017). It is found that energetic particles, especially ions, are also common in Saturn's magnetosheath. A clear inward (toward Saturn) gradient in the electron differential flux is identified, suggestive of magnetospheric sources. Such an inward gradient does not appear in some of the ion channels. We conclude that Saturn's magnetopause acts as a porous barrier for energetic electrons and, to a lesser extent, for energetic ions. A dawn-dusk asymmetry in the gradient of particle flux across the magnetopause is also identified, with a gradual decrease at the dawn and a sharp decrease at the dusk magnetopause. It is also found that magnetic reconnection enhanced flux levels just outside of the magnetopause, with evidence suggesting that these particles are from magnetospheric sources. These findings strongly suggest that Saturn's magnetosphere is most likely the main source of energetic particles in Saturn's magnetosheath and magnetosphere leakage is an important process responsible for the presence of the energetic particles in Saturn's magnetosheath. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1029/2020JA028264
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
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      – SubjectFull: Solar energetic particles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetopause
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetosphere of Saturn
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      – SubjectFull: Atmosphere of Saturn
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      – SubjectFull: Cassini (Spacecraft)
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      – TitleFull: Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry in Energetic (>20 keV) Particles Adjacent to Saturn's Magnetopause.
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              Text: Feb2021
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              Y: 2021
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