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Two‐Dimensional Striking Distance of Lightning Flashes to a Cluster of Tall Buildings in Guangzhou.

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Title: Two‐Dimensional Striking Distance of Lightning Flashes to a Cluster of Tall Buildings in Guangzhou.
Authors: Qi, Q.1,2,3, Lyu, W.1,3 wtlu@ustc.edu, Wang, D.4, Wu, B.1,3, Ma, Y.1,3, Chen, L.5, Lyu, F.1,6, Jiang, R.1,2,3
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres. 11/27/2021, Vol. 126 Issue 22, p1-11. 11p.
Subject Terms: Lightning, Tall buildings, Geometry, Scattering (Physics)
Geographic Terms: Guangzhou (China)
Abstract: Based on the high‐speed video records of 54 lightning flashes striking on a cluster of tall buildings in Guangzhou and the return stroke peak currents provided by lightning location systems, this paper analyzed the two‐dimensional (2D) first‐return‐stroke striking distances (SD) of lightning flashes to buildings with a height ranging from 100 to 600 m. Three methods, including one proposed in this study, have been used to estimate the 2D SD. The results with different methods basically agree with each other and show that the height and the top geometry of the structure on which lightning terminates are key factors that affect the SD. The correlation between the SD and the peak return stroke current appeared very scattered, particularly in the cases when each building was considered separately. Besides, we found that: (a) the estimated 2D average initiation speed of upward connecting leader (UCL) on different buildings are similar, ranging from 4.9 to 23 × 104 m/s, with an average of 13.4 × 104 m/s; (b) about 87% (27/31) flashes that struck on buildings with simple top shape only have one upward leader observed, while for buildings with complicated top shape, only 26% (6/23) flash cases have one upward leader observed; (c) for the 36 flashes to four tall buildings with heights higher than 300 m, the 2D average speed ratio of the downward leader and the UCL is 0.74 during the last 0.1 ms before the first return stroke. Key Points: First‐return‐stroke striking distance of 54 lightning flashes to seven tall buildings (heights between 100 and 600 m) was estimatedA new striking distance estimation method, based on the relationship between the length of upward connecting leader and time, was proposedThe height and the top geometry of the structure on which lightning terminates are key factors that affect the striking distances [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Two‐Dimensional Striking Distance of Lightning Flashes to a Cluster of Tall Buildings in Guangzhou.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qi%2C+Q%2E%22">Qi, Q.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lyu%2C+W%2E%22">Lyu, W.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><i> wtlu@ustc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+D%2E%22">Wang, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+B%2E%22">Wu, B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Y%2E%22">Ma, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+L%2E%22">Chen, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lyu%2C+F%2E%22">Lyu, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+R%2E%22">Jiang, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Atmospheres%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres</searchLink>. 11/27/2021, Vol. 126 Issue 22, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lightning%22">Lightning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tall+buildings%22">Tall buildings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geometry%22">Geometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scattering+%28Physics%29%22">Scattering (Physics)</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Guangzhou+%28China%29%22">Guangzhou (China)</searchLink>
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  Data: Based on the high‐speed video records of 54 lightning flashes striking on a cluster of tall buildings in Guangzhou and the return stroke peak currents provided by lightning location systems, this paper analyzed the two‐dimensional (2D) first‐return‐stroke striking distances (SD) of lightning flashes to buildings with a height ranging from 100 to 600 m. Three methods, including one proposed in this study, have been used to estimate the 2D SD. The results with different methods basically agree with each other and show that the height and the top geometry of the structure on which lightning terminates are key factors that affect the SD. The correlation between the SD and the peak return stroke current appeared very scattered, particularly in the cases when each building was considered separately. Besides, we found that: (a) the estimated 2D average initiation speed of upward connecting leader (UCL) on different buildings are similar, ranging from 4.9 to 23 × 104 m/s, with an average of 13.4 × 104 m/s; (b) about 87% (27/31) flashes that struck on buildings with simple top shape only have one upward leader observed, while for buildings with complicated top shape, only 26% (6/23) flash cases have one upward leader observed; (c) for the 36 flashes to four tall buildings with heights higher than 300 m, the 2D average speed ratio of the downward leader and the UCL is 0.74 during the last 0.1 ms before the first return stroke. Key Points: First‐return‐stroke striking distance of 54 lightning flashes to seven tall buildings (heights between 100 and 600 m) was estimatedA new striking distance estimation method, based on the relationship between the length of upward connecting leader and time, was proposedThe height and the top geometry of the structure on which lightning terminates are key factors that affect the striking distances [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2021JD034613
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
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      – SubjectFull: Lightning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tall buildings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scattering (Physics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Guangzhou (China)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Two‐Dimensional Striking Distance of Lightning Flashes to a Cluster of Tall Buildings in Guangzhou.
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              Text: 11/27/2021
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              Y: 2021
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