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Impact of the September 2019 Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming on the Low‐Latitude Middle Atmospheric Planetary Wave Dynamics.

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Title: Impact of the September 2019 Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming on the Low‐Latitude Middle Atmospheric Planetary Wave Dynamics.
Authors: Mitra, G.1,2 reachmitragourav@gmail.com, Guharay, A.1, Batista, P. P.3, Buriti, R. A.4
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres. Jan2022, Vol. 127 Issue 1, p1-19. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Stratosphere, Rossby waves, Barotropic equation, Baroclinicity
Geographic Terms: Southern Hemisphere
Abstract: Planetary wave (PW) associated dynamical variability in the equatorial and extratropical middle atmosphere during the September 2019 Southern hemisphere minor sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is investigated utilizing meteor radar wind observations from São João do Cariri (7.4°S, 36.5°W) and Cachoeira Paulista (22.7°S, 45°W) and reanalysis data. Signature of the mesospheric warming in conjunction with the stratospheric cooling is found at low latitudes. The strong westerly wind at low latitudes decelerates notably near 65 km at the onset of the warming episode, although no wind reversal is observed. The wind spectra reveal a prevalent quasi‐16‐day wave (Q16DW) prior to the SSW and existence of a quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) after the warming event. Possible existence of barotropic/baroclinic instability in the low and mid latitude middle atmosphere may be responsible for exciting the Q6DW. Both traveling and stationary waves exhibit notable activities during the warming event. Although involvement of both zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2 PWs are found in the event, PW with zonal wavenumber 1 seems to play a vital role in preconditioning the same. Furthermore, significant latitudinal mixing of airmass between the tropics and high latitudes is evident in the potential vorticity map. The Eliassen‐Palm flux diagnosis shows the propagation of the Q6DW and Q16DW from mid to low latitudes during the warming event. Plain Language Summary: A minor but impactful sudden stratospheric warming event occurred in the Southern hemisphere during September 2019. This event is characterized by a marked deceleration of the zonal mean westerlies at polar stratosphere although no wind reversal is observed. Simultaneously, stratospheric temperature at high latitudes increases sharply by more than 25 K within a few days. During the same warming event, stratospheric cooling and mesospheric warming is found at the present low latitude stations. The wind spectra reveal a long period wave of about 16 days prior to the warming event in the stratosphere followed by a relatively shorter period wave (∼6 days) in the mesosphere. The 6‐day wave component is possibly excited due to the instability in the middle atmosphere at low and middle latitudes during the warming episodes. Both traveling and stationary large‐scale waves are supposed to play a vital role in preconditioning the warming event. There is also significant meridional air mass mixing during the warming days owing to possible planetary wave (PW) driven weakening of the zonal mean westerlies. The PW fluxes for both the aforementioned components are observed to propagate from high and mid to low latitudes during the warming event. Key Points: Both traveling and stationary planetary waves with zonal wavenumber 1 seem to play a salient role in pre‐conditioning the warming eventExisting instability is believed to support the growth of the quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) in post warming intervalThe Q6DW and Q16DW are found to propagate from high and mid latitudes to low latitudes during the warming [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Impact of the September 2019 Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming on the Low‐Latitude Middle Atmospheric Planetary Wave Dynamics.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitra%2C+G%2E%22">Mitra, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> reachmitragourav@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guharay%2C+A%2E%22">Guharay, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Batista%2C+P%2E+P%2E%22">Batista, P. P.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buriti%2C+R%2E+A%2E%22">Buriti, R. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Atmospheres%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres</searchLink>. Jan2022, Vol. 127 Issue 1, p1-19. 19p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stratosphere%22">Stratosphere</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rossby+waves%22">Rossby waves</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Barotropic+equation%22">Barotropic equation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Baroclinicity%22">Baroclinicity</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Southern+Hemisphere%22">Southern Hemisphere</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Planetary wave (PW) associated dynamical variability in the equatorial and extratropical middle atmosphere during the September 2019 Southern hemisphere minor sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is investigated utilizing meteor radar wind observations from São João do Cariri (7.4°S, 36.5°W) and Cachoeira Paulista (22.7°S, 45°W) and reanalysis data. Signature of the mesospheric warming in conjunction with the stratospheric cooling is found at low latitudes. The strong westerly wind at low latitudes decelerates notably near 65 km at the onset of the warming episode, although no wind reversal is observed. The wind spectra reveal a prevalent quasi‐16‐day wave (Q16DW) prior to the SSW and existence of a quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) after the warming event. Possible existence of barotropic/baroclinic instability in the low and mid latitude middle atmosphere may be responsible for exciting the Q6DW. Both traveling and stationary waves exhibit notable activities during the warming event. Although involvement of both zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2 PWs are found in the event, PW with zonal wavenumber 1 seems to play a vital role in preconditioning the same. Furthermore, significant latitudinal mixing of airmass between the tropics and high latitudes is evident in the potential vorticity map. The Eliassen‐Palm flux diagnosis shows the propagation of the Q6DW and Q16DW from mid to low latitudes during the warming event. Plain Language Summary: A minor but impactful sudden stratospheric warming event occurred in the Southern hemisphere during September 2019. This event is characterized by a marked deceleration of the zonal mean westerlies at polar stratosphere although no wind reversal is observed. Simultaneously, stratospheric temperature at high latitudes increases sharply by more than 25 K within a few days. During the same warming event, stratospheric cooling and mesospheric warming is found at the present low latitude stations. The wind spectra reveal a long period wave of about 16 days prior to the warming event in the stratosphere followed by a relatively shorter period wave (∼6 days) in the mesosphere. The 6‐day wave component is possibly excited due to the instability in the middle atmosphere at low and middle latitudes during the warming episodes. Both traveling and stationary large‐scale waves are supposed to play a vital role in preconditioning the warming event. There is also significant meridional air mass mixing during the warming days owing to possible planetary wave (PW) driven weakening of the zonal mean westerlies. The PW fluxes for both the aforementioned components are observed to propagate from high and mid to low latitudes during the warming event. Key Points: Both traveling and stationary planetary waves with zonal wavenumber 1 seem to play a salient role in pre‐conditioning the warming eventExisting instability is believed to support the growth of the quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) in post warming intervalThe Q6DW and Q16DW are found to propagate from high and mid latitudes to low latitudes during the warming [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2021JD035538
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Stratosphere
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rossby waves
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Barotropic equation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Baroclinicity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Southern Hemisphere
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Impact of the September 2019 Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming on the Low‐Latitude Middle Atmospheric Planetary Wave Dynamics.
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            NameFull: Mitra, G.
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            NameFull: Guharay, A.
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            NameFull: Batista, P. P.
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              M: 01
              Text: Jan2022
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              Y: 2022
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