Statistical Study of Foreshock Density Holes.
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| Title: | Statistical Study of Foreshock Density Holes. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Lu, Xi1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Hui1 (AUTHOR) hzhang14@alaska.edu, Liu, Terry1,2 (AUTHOR), Vu, Andrew1 (AUTHOR), Pollock, Craig3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Boyi1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Apr2022, Vol. 127 Issue 4, p1-11. 11p. |
| Subject Terms: | Dynamic pressure, Electron density, Solar wind, Density, Plasma density |
| Abstract: | Density holes (DHs), characterized by the correlating depletion of plasma density and magnetic field strength, are one of the transient structures frequently observed upstream of Earth's bow shock. The low dynamic pressure of DHs may disturb the bow shock and magnetopause, and have potential geoeffects. In this paper, we perform a statistical study of 411 density hole events, identified by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission. The average occurrence rate of DHs is ∼5.4 events/day. All DHs are associated with foreshock ions. DHs tend to occur on the dawn side than on the dusk side. The occurrence rate is higher for faster solar wind, larger magnetic shear angle across DHs, and lower magnetic field strength. The spatial scale of DHs is several RE. Within DHs, electron heating and density depletion are correlated. Most DHs do not have significant flow deflections. Most DHs with discontinuities have the convection electric field pointing toward the discontinuity on at least one side. About two thirds of the 411 events show different characteristics compared to other types of foreshock transients that also have correlated density and field strength depletion. Key Points: Density holes (DHs) are very common in the foreshock region and the average occurrence rate is ∼5.4 events/dayThe occurrence rate of DHs is higher for faster solar wind, larger magnetic shear angle, and lower magnetic field strengthTwo thirds of DHs are different from other types of foreshock transients with low density and magnetic field strength cores [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | GreenFILE |
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| Header | DbId: 8gh DbLabel: GreenFILE An: 156555838 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Statistical Study of Foreshock Density Holes. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Xi%22">Lu, Xi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Hui%22">Zhang, Hui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hzhang14@alaska.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Terry%22">Liu, Terry</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vu%2C+Andrew%22">Vu, Andrew</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pollock%2C+Craig%22">Pollock, Craig</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Boyi%22">Wang, Boyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Apr2022, Vol. 127 Issue 4, p1-11. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+pressure%22">Dynamic pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+density%22">Electron density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+wind%22">Solar wind</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Density%22">Density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plasma+density%22">Plasma density</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Density holes (DHs), characterized by the correlating depletion of plasma density and magnetic field strength, are one of the transient structures frequently observed upstream of Earth's bow shock. The low dynamic pressure of DHs may disturb the bow shock and magnetopause, and have potential geoeffects. In this paper, we perform a statistical study of 411 density hole events, identified by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission. The average occurrence rate of DHs is ∼5.4 events/day. All DHs are associated with foreshock ions. DHs tend to occur on the dawn side than on the dusk side. The occurrence rate is higher for faster solar wind, larger magnetic shear angle across DHs, and lower magnetic field strength. The spatial scale of DHs is several RE. Within DHs, electron heating and density depletion are correlated. Most DHs do not have significant flow deflections. Most DHs with discontinuities have the convection electric field pointing toward the discontinuity on at least one side. About two thirds of the 411 events show different characteristics compared to other types of foreshock transients that also have correlated density and field strength depletion. Key Points: Density holes (DHs) are very common in the foreshock region and the average occurrence rate is ∼5.4 events/dayThe occurrence rate of DHs is higher for faster solar wind, larger magnetic shear angle, and lower magnetic field strengthTwo thirds of DHs are different from other types of foreshock transients with low density and magnetic field strength cores [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1029/2021JA029981 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Dynamic pressure Type: general – SubjectFull: Electron density Type: general – SubjectFull: Solar wind Type: general – SubjectFull: Density Type: general – SubjectFull: Plasma density Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Statistical Study of Foreshock Density Holes. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lu, Xi – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhang, Hui – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Liu, Terry – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Vu, Andrew – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pollock, Craig – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wang, Boyi IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: Apr2022 Type: published Y: 2022 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 21699380 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 127 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
