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Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age.

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Title: Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age.
Authors: Ferguson, Kelly K.1 kelly.ferguson2@nih.gov, Bommarito, Paige A.1, Arogbokun, Olufunmilayo1,2, Rosen, Emma M.1,2, Keil, Alexander P.1,2, Shanshan Zhao3, Barrett, Emily S.4, Nguyen, Ruby H. N.5, Bush, Nicole R.6,7, Trasande, Leonardo8,9, McElrath, Thomas F.10, Swan, Shanna H.11, Sathyanarayana, Sheela12,13
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives. Apr2022, Vol. 130 Issue 4, p047006-1-047006-11. 11p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs.
Subject Terms: *Plasticizers, Maternal exposure, Mothers, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Body weight, Ultrasonic imaging, Confidence intervals, Specific gravity, Research methodology, Regression analysis, Prenatal exposure delayed effects, Descriptive statistics, Research funding, Body mass index, Data analysis software, Adipose tissues, Longitudinal method, Children
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prenatal phthalate exposure has been associated with lower birth weight but also higher weight in childhood. Few studies have examined weight or adiposity from birth to childhood and thus cannot assess growth trajectories associated with exposure. OBJECTIVE: We assessed associations between maternal phthalate exposures in pregnancy and child weight and adiposity measured prenatally through childhood (3–6 years of age). METHODS: Within The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES), a prospective pregnancy cohort, we analyzed a panel of phthalate metabolites in urine collected at two visits from early and late gestation (푁 = 780). We estimated average phthalate metabolite associations with child weight 푧-scores from ~20 wk gestation (estimated by ultrasound), birth, and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age using linear mixed-effects (LME) models. We also modeled associations with adiposity 푧-scores from birth (weight for length) and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age [body mass index (BMI)] using LME models. RESULTS: For weight, we observed inverse associations between several phthalate metabolites and birth weight 푧-scores, but no associations were observed with postnatal weight 푧-scores in LME models. Regarding adiposity, we observed inverse associations between phthalate metabolites and weight-for-length 푧-scores at birth, but positive associations were observed with BMI 푧-scores at 3–4 years of age in LME models. For example, mono-ethyl phthalate was associated with a 0.17-unit decrease in birth weight-for-length 푧-score [95% confidence interval (CI): –0:29, –0:05] and a 0.18-unit increase in 4-years-of-age BMI 푧-score (95% CI: 0.04, 0.32). DISCUSSION: We observed associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and lower weight at birth but not at childhood follow-up visits. However, for adiposity, we observed an interesting pattern of association with low adiposity at delivery as well as high adiposity at 3–4 years of age. Although it is not clear from our results whether these associations occur within the same children, such a pattern of adiposity in early life has been linked to cardiometabolic disease in adulthood and deserves special attention as an outcome in the study of prenatal exposures in the developmental origins of health and disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferguson%2C+Kelly+K%2E%22">Ferguson, Kelly K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> kelly.ferguson2@nih.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bommarito%2C+Paige+A%2E%22">Bommarito, Paige A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arogbokun%2C+Olufunmilayo%22">Arogbokun, Olufunmilayo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosen%2C+Emma+M%2E%22">Rosen, Emma M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Keil%2C+Alexander+P%2E%22">Keil, Alexander P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shanshan+Zhao%22">Shanshan Zhao</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barrett%2C+Emily+S%2E%22">Barrett, Emily S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nguyen%2C+Ruby+H%2E+N%2E%22">Nguyen, Ruby H. N.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bush%2C+Nicole+R%2E%22">Bush, Nicole R.</searchLink><relatesTo>6,7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Trasande%2C+Leonardo%22">Trasande, Leonardo</searchLink><relatesTo>8,9</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McElrath%2C+Thomas+F%2E%22">McElrath, Thomas F.</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Swan%2C+Shanna+H%2E%22">Swan, Shanna H.</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sathyanarayana%2C+Sheela%22">Sathyanarayana, Sheela</searchLink><relatesTo>12,13</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Health+Perspectives%22">Environmental Health Perspectives</searchLink>. Apr2022, Vol. 130 Issue 4, p047006-1-047006-11. 11p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plasticizers%22">Plasticizers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Maternal+exposure%22">Maternal exposure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kruskal-Wallis+Test%22">Kruskal-Wallis Test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+weight%22">Body weight</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrasonic+imaging%22">Ultrasonic imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Specific+gravity%22">Specific gravity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prenatal+exposure+delayed+effects%22">Prenatal exposure delayed effects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+mass+index%22">Body mass index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adipose+tissues%22">Adipose tissues</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: BACKGROUND: Prenatal phthalate exposure has been associated with lower birth weight but also higher weight in childhood. Few studies have examined weight or adiposity from birth to childhood and thus cannot assess growth trajectories associated with exposure. OBJECTIVE: We assessed associations between maternal phthalate exposures in pregnancy and child weight and adiposity measured prenatally through childhood (3–6 years of age). METHODS: Within The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES), a prospective pregnancy cohort, we analyzed a panel of phthalate metabolites in urine collected at two visits from early and late gestation (푁 = 780). We estimated average phthalate metabolite associations with child weight 푧-scores from ~20 wk gestation (estimated by ultrasound), birth, and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age using linear mixed-effects (LME) models. We also modeled associations with adiposity 푧-scores from birth (weight for length) and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age [body mass index (BMI)] using LME models. RESULTS: For weight, we observed inverse associations between several phthalate metabolites and birth weight 푧-scores, but no associations were observed with postnatal weight 푧-scores in LME models. Regarding adiposity, we observed inverse associations between phthalate metabolites and weight-for-length 푧-scores at birth, but positive associations were observed with BMI 푧-scores at 3–4 years of age in LME models. For example, mono-ethyl phthalate was associated with a 0.17-unit decrease in birth weight-for-length 푧-score [95% confidence interval (CI): –0:29, –0:05] and a 0.18-unit increase in 4-years-of-age BMI 푧-score (95% CI: 0.04, 0.32). DISCUSSION: We observed associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and lower weight at birth but not at childhood follow-up visits. However, for adiposity, we observed an interesting pattern of association with low adiposity at delivery as well as high adiposity at 3–4 years of age. Although it is not clear from our results whether these associations occur within the same children, such a pattern of adiposity in early life has been linked to cardiometabolic disease in adulthood and deserves special attention as an outcome in the study of prenatal exposures in the developmental origins of health and disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1289/EHP10077
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 047006-1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Plasticizers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Maternal exposure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mothers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kruskal-Wallis Test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Body weight
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrasonic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Specific gravity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prenatal exposure delayed effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Body mass index
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adipose tissues
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – TitleFull: Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age.
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              Text: Apr2022
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