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Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep: An Update to the WHO Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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Title: Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep: An Update to the WHO Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Smith, Michael G.1, Cordoza, Makayla1, Basner, Mathias1 basner@pennmedicine.
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives. Jul2022, Vol. 130 Issue 7, p076001-1-076001-23. 23p. 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 7 Graphs.
Subject Terms: Online information services, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, Meta-analysis, Medical information storage & retrieval systems, Noise, Self-evaluation, Systematic reviews, Sleep disorders, Airplanes, Railroads, Research funding, MEDLINE, Logistic regression analysis, Data analysis software
Company/Entity: World Health Organization
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nighttime noise carries a significant disease burden. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published guidelines for the regulation of environmental noise based on a review of evidence published up to the year 2015 on the effects of environmental noise on sleep. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis will update the WHO evidence review on the effects of environmental noise on sleep disturbance to include more recent studies. METHODS: Investigations of self-reported sleep among residents exposed to environmental traffic noise at home were identified using Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Awakenings, falling asleep, and sleep disturbance were the three outcomes included. Extracted data were used to derive exposure–response relationships for the probability of being highly sleep disturbed by nighttime noise [average outdoor A-weighted noise level (퐿night) 2300–0700 hours] for aircraft, road, and rail traffic noise, individually. The overall quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria.. RESULTS: Eleven studies (푛=109,070 responses) were included in addition to 25 studies (푛=64,090 responses) from the original WHO analysis. When sleep disturbance questions specifically mentioned noise as the source of disturbance, there was moderate quality of evidence for the probability of being highly sleep disturbed per 10-dB increase in Lnight for aircraft [odds ratio (OR)=2:18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.01, 2.36], road (OR=2:52; 95% CI: 2.28, 2.79), and railway (OR=2:97; 95% CI: 2.57, 3.43) noise. When noise was not mentioned, there was low to very low quality of evidence for being sleep disturbed per 10-dB increase in Lnight for aircraft (OR=1:52; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.93), road (OR=1:14; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.21), and railway (OR=1:17; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.49) noise. Compared with the original WHO review, the exposure–response relationships closely agreed at low (40 dB Lnight) levels for all traffic types but indicated greater disturbance by aircraft traffic at high noise levels. Sleep disturbance was not significantly different between European and non-European studies. DISCUSSION: Available evidence suggests that transportation noise is negatively associated with self-reported sleep. Sleep disturbance in this updated meta-analysis was comparable to the original WHO review at low nighttime noise levels. These low levels correspond to the recent WHO noise limit recommendations for nighttime noise, and so these findings do not suggest these WHO recommendations need revisiting. Deviations from the WHO review in this updated analysis suggest that populations exposed to high levels of aircraft noise may be at greater risk of sleep disturbance than determined previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep: An Update to the WHO Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smith%2C+Michael+G%2E%22">Smith, Michael G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cordoza%2C+Makayla%22">Cordoza, Makayla</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Basner%2C+Mathias%22">Basner, Mathias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> basner@pennmedicine.</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Health+Perspectives%22">Environmental Health Perspectives</searchLink>. Jul2022, Vol. 130 Issue 7, p076001-1-076001-23. 23p. 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 7 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Online+information+services%22">Online information services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Psychology information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Meta-analysis%22">Meta-analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Medical information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noise%22">Noise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-evaluation%22">Self-evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+disorders%22">Sleep disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Airplanes%22">Airplanes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Railroads%22">Railroads</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink>
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  Data: BACKGROUND: Nighttime noise carries a significant disease burden. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published guidelines for the regulation of environmental noise based on a review of evidence published up to the year 2015 on the effects of environmental noise on sleep. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis will update the WHO evidence review on the effects of environmental noise on sleep disturbance to include more recent studies. METHODS: Investigations of self-reported sleep among residents exposed to environmental traffic noise at home were identified using Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Awakenings, falling asleep, and sleep disturbance were the three outcomes included. Extracted data were used to derive exposure–response relationships for the probability of being highly sleep disturbed by nighttime noise [average outdoor A-weighted noise level (퐿night) 2300–0700 hours] for aircraft, road, and rail traffic noise, individually. The overall quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria.. RESULTS: Eleven studies (푛=109,070 responses) were included in addition to 25 studies (푛=64,090 responses) from the original WHO analysis. When sleep disturbance questions specifically mentioned noise as the source of disturbance, there was moderate quality of evidence for the probability of being highly sleep disturbed per 10-dB increase in Lnight for aircraft [odds ratio (OR)=2:18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.01, 2.36], road (OR=2:52; 95% CI: 2.28, 2.79), and railway (OR=2:97; 95% CI: 2.57, 3.43) noise. When noise was not mentioned, there was low to very low quality of evidence for being sleep disturbed per 10-dB increase in Lnight for aircraft (OR=1:52; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.93), road (OR=1:14; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.21), and railway (OR=1:17; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.49) noise. Compared with the original WHO review, the exposure–response relationships closely agreed at low (40 dB Lnight) levels for all traffic types but indicated greater disturbance by aircraft traffic at high noise levels. Sleep disturbance was not significantly different between European and non-European studies. DISCUSSION: Available evidence suggests that transportation noise is negatively associated with self-reported sleep. Sleep disturbance in this updated meta-analysis was comparable to the original WHO review at low nighttime noise levels. These low levels correspond to the recent WHO noise limit recommendations for nighttime noise, and so these findings do not suggest these WHO recommendations need revisiting. Deviations from the WHO review in this updated analysis suggest that populations exposed to high levels of aircraft noise may be at greater risk of sleep disturbance than determined previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1289/EHP10197
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 076001-1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Online information services
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Meta-analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical information storage & retrieval systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Noise
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Systematic reviews
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Airplanes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Railroads
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: MEDLINE
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: World Health Organization
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep: An Update to the WHO Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Smith, Michael G.
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            NameFull: Cordoza, Makayla
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            NameFull: Basner, Mathias
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2022
              Type: published
              Y: 2022
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              Value: 130
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            – TitleFull: Environmental Health Perspectives
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