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Depositional and Diagenetic Processes of Martian Lacustrine Sediments as Revealed at Pahrump Hills by the Mars Hand Lens Imager, Gale Crater, Mars.

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Title: Depositional and Diagenetic Processes of Martian Lacustrine Sediments as Revealed at Pahrump Hills by the Mars Hand Lens Imager, Gale Crater, Mars.
Authors: Yingst, R. A.1 (AUTHOR) yingst@psi.edu, Cowart, A. C.1,2 (AUTHOR), Kah, L. C.3 (AUTHOR), Gupta, S.4 (AUTHOR), Stack, K.5 (AUTHOR), Fey, D.6 (AUTHOR), Harker, D.6 (AUTHOR), Herkenhoff, K.7 (AUTHOR), Minitti, M. E.1,8 (AUTHOR), Rowland, S.9 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets. May2023, Vol. 128 Issue 5, p1-25. 25p.
Subject Terms: *Crater lakes, Gale Crater (Mars), Magnifying glasses, Mars (Planet), Paragenesis, Rock texture
Abstract: The Murray formation represents fine‐grained sedimentary deposition in lacustrine environments within Gale crater, Mars. Both the overall thickness of the Murray formation and its broad uniformity in sedimentary character suggest the potential for a long‐lived, groundwater‐supported lake system. Rock textures were imaged by the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera at the Pahrump Hills location, which represents the lowermost Murray formation. We analyze data from Pahrump Hills to refine earlier estimates of grain size and grain size distribution, as well as to make detailed observations of diagenetic features and modification of primary sedimentological features. These observations and resulting interpretations provide a detailed look at the dynamic behavior of lake systems on Mars. The lower portions of this exposure are characterized by planar laminated, fine‐grained material; the predominant grain size in this region is smaller than that of very fine sand. Diagenetic mineral precipitation is also prominent in these lower layers, evidenced by likely in situ precipitation of lenticular crystals, preferential cementation of laminae in several layers, precipitation of late‐diagenetic crystal clusters, and secondary modification of previously deposited crystals. The upper portions of this locality are coarser‐grained, varicolored, and contain cross‐stratified features. The variation of these features over a relatively thin stratigraphic interval indicates rapid fluctuation in the hydrodynamic behavior of Gale crater lake, similar to that observed in the shallow‐water regions of terrestrial closed basin lakes. Plain Language Summary: The Murray formation in Gale crater, Mars, is a group of fine‐grained sedimentary rocks that were likely formed in a lake environment, potentially one that was supported by groundwater. We analyzed the many high‐resolution images acquired by the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera at an area called Pahrump Hills to better understand how lakes formed and evolved on Mars. Variation in features such as grain size, mineral precipitation and grain modification reveal a dynamic behavior of the Gale crater lake, similar to that observed in terrestrial closed lake basins. Key Points: The Murray Formation represents largely lacustrine deposition; pseudomorphic gypsum suggests saline conditions in lower Pahrump HillsThe presence of coarser, detrital sediment in upper Pahrump hills indicates increased freshening associated with fluvial influxDiagenetic features (preferential cementation, concretions, veins) are variable and indicate multiple alteration episodes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Depositional and Diagenetic Processes of Martian Lacustrine Sediments as Revealed at Pahrump Hills by the Mars Hand Lens Imager, Gale Crater, Mars.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yingst%2C+R%2E+A%2E%22">Yingst, R. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yingst@psi.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cowart%2C+A%2E+C%2E%22">Cowart, A. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kah%2C+L%2E+C%2E%22">Kah, L. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+S%2E%22">Gupta, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stack%2C+K%2E%22">Stack, K.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fey%2C+D%2E%22">Fey, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Harker%2C+D%2E%22">Harker, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Herkenhoff%2C+K%2E%22">Herkenhoff, K.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Minitti%2C+M%2E+E%2E%22">Minitti, M. E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rowland%2C+S%2E%22">Rowland, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Planets%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets</searchLink>. May2023, Vol. 128 Issue 5, p1-25. 25p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crater+lakes%22">Crater lakes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gale+Crater+%28Mars%29%22">Gale Crater (Mars)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnifying+glasses%22">Magnifying glasses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mars+%28Planet%29%22">Mars (Planet)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Paragenesis%22">Paragenesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rock+texture%22">Rock texture</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The Murray formation represents fine‐grained sedimentary deposition in lacustrine environments within Gale crater, Mars. Both the overall thickness of the Murray formation and its broad uniformity in sedimentary character suggest the potential for a long‐lived, groundwater‐supported lake system. Rock textures were imaged by the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera at the Pahrump Hills location, which represents the lowermost Murray formation. We analyze data from Pahrump Hills to refine earlier estimates of grain size and grain size distribution, as well as to make detailed observations of diagenetic features and modification of primary sedimentological features. These observations and resulting interpretations provide a detailed look at the dynamic behavior of lake systems on Mars. The lower portions of this exposure are characterized by planar laminated, fine‐grained material; the predominant grain size in this region is smaller than that of very fine sand. Diagenetic mineral precipitation is also prominent in these lower layers, evidenced by likely in situ precipitation of lenticular crystals, preferential cementation of laminae in several layers, precipitation of late‐diagenetic crystal clusters, and secondary modification of previously deposited crystals. The upper portions of this locality are coarser‐grained, varicolored, and contain cross‐stratified features. The variation of these features over a relatively thin stratigraphic interval indicates rapid fluctuation in the hydrodynamic behavior of Gale crater lake, similar to that observed in the shallow‐water regions of terrestrial closed basin lakes. Plain Language Summary: The Murray formation in Gale crater, Mars, is a group of fine‐grained sedimentary rocks that were likely formed in a lake environment, potentially one that was supported by groundwater. We analyzed the many high‐resolution images acquired by the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera at an area called Pahrump Hills to better understand how lakes formed and evolved on Mars. Variation in features such as grain size, mineral precipitation and grain modification reveal a dynamic behavior of the Gale crater lake, similar to that observed in terrestrial closed lake basins. Key Points: The Murray Formation represents largely lacustrine deposition; pseudomorphic gypsum suggests saline conditions in lower Pahrump HillsThe presence of coarser, detrital sediment in upper Pahrump hills indicates increased freshening associated with fluvial influxDiagenetic features (preferential cementation, concretions, veins) are variable and indicate multiple alteration episodes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2022JE007394
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 25
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Crater lakes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gale Crater (Mars)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnifying glasses
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      – SubjectFull: Mars (Planet)
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      – SubjectFull: Paragenesis
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      – SubjectFull: Rock texture
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Depositional and Diagenetic Processes of Martian Lacustrine Sediments as Revealed at Pahrump Hills by the Mars Hand Lens Imager, Gale Crater, Mars.
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              Text: May2023
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