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Spatiotemporal overlap with invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) varies by species and season in a temperate ecosystem.

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Title: Spatiotemporal overlap with invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) varies by species and season in a temperate ecosystem.
Authors: Saldo, Elizabeth A.1 (AUTHOR) ereghis@g.clemson.edu, Jensen, Alex J.1 (AUTHOR), Muthersbaugh, Michael S.1 (AUTHOR), Butfiloski, Joseph W.2 (AUTHOR), Cantrell, Jay2 (AUTHOR), Kilgo, John C.3 (AUTHOR), Ruth, Charles2 (AUTHOR), Yarrow, Greg K.1 (AUTHOR), Jachowski, David S.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ecosphere. Jun2023, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1-17. 17p.
Subject Terms: Raccoon, Competition (Biology), Bobcat, Coyote, Turkeys, Wild boar, White-tailed deer
Geographic Terms: South Carolina, Piedmont (Italy)
Abstract: Wild pigs (Sus scrofa), which are invasive in many regions globally, can alter ecosystems and compete with native species through interference competition and resource exploitation. Wild pig impacts on other species may increase with greater niche overlap, which could vary over time based on environmental conditions, resource availability, or biological traits like diet, especially as seasonal variation in wild pig diet has been widely documented. A limited number of studies have assessed spatial or temporal overlap between native species and invasive wild pigs, with only a handful simultaneously assessing overlap in these niche dimensions. We investigated the potential for interspecific interactions involving invasive wild pigs in the Piedmont region of South Carolina, USA, by examining seasonal spatiotemporal overlap with other wildlife using N‐mixture models and diel activity overlap analyses. Site use by white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and coyote (Canis latrans) was negatively associated with wild pig activity in the fall, when the species had high diel activity overlap, indicating spatial partitioning could reduce interference competition with wild pigs in this season. Conversely, white‐tailed deer site use was positively associated with wild pig activity in the winter, suggesting higher spatial overlap may be necessary if resources are limited. Site use by bobcat (Lynx rufus) and nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in the spring, along with raccoon (Procyon lotor) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) site use in the summer, was positively associated with wild pig activity. With the exception of diurnal wild turkey, diel activity overlap between these species and wild pigs was high, although temporal partitioning could have occurred at finer spatiotemporal scales than we examined. Our results collectively emphasize the importance of accounting for seasonal spatial and temporal responses by individual species to invasive wild pigs, with special consideration given to species in seasons where high niche overlap with wild pigs is anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecosphere is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Spatiotemporal overlap with invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) varies by species and season in a temperate ecosystem.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saldo%2C+Elizabeth+A%2E%22">Saldo, Elizabeth A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ereghis@g.clemson.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jensen%2C+Alex+J%2E%22">Jensen, Alex J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muthersbaugh%2C+Michael+S%2E%22">Muthersbaugh, Michael S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Butfiloski%2C+Joseph+W%2E%22">Butfiloski, Joseph W.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cantrell%2C+Jay%22">Cantrell, Jay</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kilgo%2C+John+C%2E%22">Kilgo, John C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruth%2C+Charles%22">Ruth, Charles</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yarrow%2C+Greg+K%2E%22">Yarrow, Greg K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jachowski%2C+David+S%2E%22">Jachowski, David S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecosphere%22">Ecosphere</searchLink>. Jun2023, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1-17. 17p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Raccoon%22">Raccoon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Competition+%28Biology%29%22">Competition (Biology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bobcat%22">Bobcat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coyote%22">Coyote</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turkeys%22">Turkeys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wild+boar%22">Wild boar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22White-tailed+deer%22">White-tailed deer</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22South+Carolina%22">South Carolina</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Piedmont+%28Italy%29%22">Piedmont (Italy)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Wild pigs (Sus scrofa), which are invasive in many regions globally, can alter ecosystems and compete with native species through interference competition and resource exploitation. Wild pig impacts on other species may increase with greater niche overlap, which could vary over time based on environmental conditions, resource availability, or biological traits like diet, especially as seasonal variation in wild pig diet has been widely documented. A limited number of studies have assessed spatial or temporal overlap between native species and invasive wild pigs, with only a handful simultaneously assessing overlap in these niche dimensions. We investigated the potential for interspecific interactions involving invasive wild pigs in the Piedmont region of South Carolina, USA, by examining seasonal spatiotemporal overlap with other wildlife using N‐mixture models and diel activity overlap analyses. Site use by white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and coyote (Canis latrans) was negatively associated with wild pig activity in the fall, when the species had high diel activity overlap, indicating spatial partitioning could reduce interference competition with wild pigs in this season. Conversely, white‐tailed deer site use was positively associated with wild pig activity in the winter, suggesting higher spatial overlap may be necessary if resources are limited. Site use by bobcat (Lynx rufus) and nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in the spring, along with raccoon (Procyon lotor) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) site use in the summer, was positively associated with wild pig activity. With the exception of diurnal wild turkey, diel activity overlap between these species and wild pigs was high, although temporal partitioning could have occurred at finer spatiotemporal scales than we examined. Our results collectively emphasize the importance of accounting for seasonal spatial and temporal responses by individual species to invasive wild pigs, with special consideration given to species in seasons where high niche overlap with wild pigs is anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecosphere is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/ecs2.4500
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Raccoon
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Competition (Biology)
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      – SubjectFull: Bobcat
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      – SubjectFull: South Carolina
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      – SubjectFull: Piedmont (Italy)
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      – TitleFull: Spatiotemporal overlap with invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) varies by species and season in a temperate ecosystem.
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              Text: Jun2023
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              Y: 2023
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