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GPS Loss of Lock Events and Their Dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Orientation.

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Title: GPS Loss of Lock Events and Their Dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Orientation.
Authors: Lovati, G.1,2 (AUTHOR), De Michelis, P.2 (AUTHOR) paola.demichelis@ingv.it, Consolini, G.3 (AUTHOR), Pezzopane, M.2 (AUTHOR), Pignalberi, A.2 (AUTHOR), Berrilli, F.4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Jul2023, Vol. 128 Issue 7, p1-19. 19p.
Subject Terms: Interplanetary magnetic fields, Global Positioning System, Distribution (Probability theory), Latitude
Abstract: The study investigates the influence of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation on loss of lock (LoL) events in Global Positioning System signals. We analyzed LoLs recorded on two Swarm satellites between July 2014 and December 2021, examining how the signs of the IMF Bx, By, and Bz components affect the distribution of events at high latitudes. Our results reveal an asymmetric distribution of LoL events over 75° magnetic latitude. In the Northern hemisphere, more events occur in the post‐noon sector with negative IMF By, and in the pre‐noon sector with positive IMF By. Conversely, in the Southern hemisphere, pre‐noon events increase with negative IMF By, while post‐noon events increase with positive IMF By. At lower latitudes (50°–75°), IMF By does not significantly affect the event distribution, which mainly concentrates in the night sector for both hemispheres. Additionally, we found a connection between IMF By and Bx, primarily due to the IMF spiral structure. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of the SuperDARN data‐driven model of ionospheric convection patterns, which shows that LoL events frequently cluster in the cusp region, as well as the area where the two convection cells separate. Key Points: The number of Global Positioning System (GPS) loss of lock (LoL) events is affected by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientationGPS LoLs are most common at the cusp, the area of separation between two convection cells, and the nightside of the auroral ovalThe duration of GPS LoL events does not appear to be affected by the strength of the IMF [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: GPS Loss of Lock Events and Their Dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Orientation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lovati%2C+G%2E%22">Lovati, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Michelis%2C+P%2E%22">De Michelis, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> paola.demichelis@ingv.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Consolini%2C+G%2E%22">Consolini, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pezzopane%2C+M%2E%22">Pezzopane, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pignalberi%2C+A%2E%22">Pignalberi, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berrilli%2C+F%2E%22">Berrilli, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Jul2023, Vol. 128 Issue 7, p1-19. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interplanetary+magnetic+fields%22">Interplanetary magnetic fields</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Global+Positioning+System%22">Global Positioning System</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Distribution+%28Probability+theory%29%22">Distribution (Probability theory)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Latitude%22">Latitude</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The study investigates the influence of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation on loss of lock (LoL) events in Global Positioning System signals. We analyzed LoLs recorded on two Swarm satellites between July 2014 and December 2021, examining how the signs of the IMF Bx, By, and Bz components affect the distribution of events at high latitudes. Our results reveal an asymmetric distribution of LoL events over 75° magnetic latitude. In the Northern hemisphere, more events occur in the post‐noon sector with negative IMF By, and in the pre‐noon sector with positive IMF By. Conversely, in the Southern hemisphere, pre‐noon events increase with negative IMF By, while post‐noon events increase with positive IMF By. At lower latitudes (50°–75°), IMF By does not significantly affect the event distribution, which mainly concentrates in the night sector for both hemispheres. Additionally, we found a connection between IMF By and Bx, primarily due to the IMF spiral structure. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of the SuperDARN data‐driven model of ionospheric convection patterns, which shows that LoL events frequently cluster in the cusp region, as well as the area where the two convection cells separate. Key Points: The number of Global Positioning System (GPS) loss of lock (LoL) events is affected by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientationGPS LoLs are most common at the cusp, the area of separation between two convection cells, and the nightside of the auroral ovalThe duration of GPS LoL events does not appear to be affected by the strength of the IMF [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1029/2023JA031411
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      – SubjectFull: Distribution (Probability theory)
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      – SubjectFull: Latitude
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      – TitleFull: GPS Loss of Lock Events and Their Dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Orientation.
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              Text: Jul2023
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