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Diversification processes in Gerp's mouse lemur demonstrate the importance of rivers and altitude as biogeographic barriers in Madagascar's humid rainforests.

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Title: Diversification processes in Gerp's mouse lemur demonstrate the importance of rivers and altitude as biogeographic barriers in Madagascar's humid rainforests.
Authors: van Elst, Tobias1 (AUTHOR), Schüßler, Dominik2 (AUTHOR), Rakotondravony, Romule3,4 (AUTHOR), Rovanirina, Valisoa S. T.4 (AUTHOR), Veillet, Anne5 (AUTHOR), Hohenlohe, Paul A.5 (AUTHOR), Ratsimbazafy, Jonah H.6 (AUTHOR), Rasoloarison, Rodin M.7 (AUTHOR), Rasoloharijaona, Solofonirina3,4 (AUTHOR), Randrianambinina, Blanchard3,4 (AUTHOR), Ramilison, Miarisoa L.4,8 (AUTHOR), Yoder, Anne D.9 (AUTHOR), Louis, Edward E.10 (AUTHOR), Radespiel, Ute1 (AUTHOR) ute.radespiel@tiho‐hannover.de
Source: Ecology & Evolution (20457758). Jul2023, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p1-16. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Rain forests, *Ecological models, *Habitats, Altitudes, Genetic variation, Genetic techniques
Geographic Terms: Madagascar
Abstract: Madagascar exhibits exceptionally high levels of biodiversity and endemism. Models to explain the diversification and distribution of species in Madagascar stress the importance of historical variability in climate conditions which may have led to the formation of geographic barriers by changing water and habitat availability. The relative importance of these models for the diversification of the various forest‐adapted taxa of Madagascar has yet to be understood. Here, we reconstructed the phylogeographic history of Gerp's mouse lemur (Microcebus gerpi) to identify relevant mechanisms and drivers of diversification in Madagascar's humid rainforests. We used restriction site associated DNA (RAD) markers and applied population genomic and coalescent‐based techniques to estimate genetic diversity, population structure, gene flow and divergence times among M. gerpi populations and its two sister species M. jollyae and M. marohita. Genomic results were complemented with ecological niche models to better understand the relative barrier function of rivers and altitude. We show that M. gerpi diversified during the late Pleistocene. The inferred ecological niche, patterns of gene flow and genetic differentiation in M. gerpi suggest that the potential for rivers to act as biogeographic barriers depended on both size and elevation of headwaters. Populations on opposite sides of the largest river in the area with headwaters that extend far into the highlands show particularly high genetic differentiation, whereas rivers with lower elevation headwaters have weaker barrier functions, indicated by higher migration rates and admixture. We conclude that M. gerpi likely diversified through repeated cycles of dispersal punctuated by isolation to refugia as a result of paleoclimatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene. We argue that this diversification scenario serves as a model of diversification for other rainforest taxa that are similarly limited by geographic factors. In addition, we highlight conservation implications for this critically endangered species, which faces extreme habitat loss and fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Diversification processes in Gerp's mouse lemur demonstrate the importance of rivers and altitude as biogeographic barriers in Madagascar's humid rainforests.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van Elst%2C+Tobias%22">van Elst, Tobias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schüßler%2C+Dominik%22">Schüßler, Dominik</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rakotondravony%2C+Romule%22">Rakotondravony, Romule</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rovanirina%2C+Valisoa+S%2E+T%2E%22">Rovanirina, Valisoa S. T.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Veillet%2C+Anne%22">Veillet, Anne</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hohenlohe%2C+Paul+A%2E%22">Hohenlohe, Paul A.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ratsimbazafy%2C+Jonah+H%2E%22">Ratsimbazafy, Jonah H.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rasoloarison%2C+Rodin+M%2E%22">Rasoloarison, Rodin M.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rasoloharijaona%2C+Solofonirina%22">Rasoloharijaona, Solofonirina</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Randrianambinina%2C+Blanchard%22">Randrianambinina, Blanchard</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramilison%2C+Miarisoa+L%2E%22">Ramilison, Miarisoa L.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yoder%2C+Anne+D%2E%22">Yoder, Anne D.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Louis%2C+Edward+E%2E%22">Louis, Edward E.</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Radespiel%2C+Ute%22">Radespiel, Ute</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ute.radespiel@tiho‐hannover.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecology+%26+Evolution+%2820457758%29%22">Ecology & Evolution (20457758)</searchLink>. Jul2023, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p1-16. 16p.
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  Data: Madagascar exhibits exceptionally high levels of biodiversity and endemism. Models to explain the diversification and distribution of species in Madagascar stress the importance of historical variability in climate conditions which may have led to the formation of geographic barriers by changing water and habitat availability. The relative importance of these models for the diversification of the various forest‐adapted taxa of Madagascar has yet to be understood. Here, we reconstructed the phylogeographic history of Gerp's mouse lemur (Microcebus gerpi) to identify relevant mechanisms and drivers of diversification in Madagascar's humid rainforests. We used restriction site associated DNA (RAD) markers and applied population genomic and coalescent‐based techniques to estimate genetic diversity, population structure, gene flow and divergence times among M. gerpi populations and its two sister species M. jollyae and M. marohita. Genomic results were complemented with ecological niche models to better understand the relative barrier function of rivers and altitude. We show that M. gerpi diversified during the late Pleistocene. The inferred ecological niche, patterns of gene flow and genetic differentiation in M. gerpi suggest that the potential for rivers to act as biogeographic barriers depended on both size and elevation of headwaters. Populations on opposite sides of the largest river in the area with headwaters that extend far into the highlands show particularly high genetic differentiation, whereas rivers with lower elevation headwaters have weaker barrier functions, indicated by higher migration rates and admixture. We conclude that M. gerpi likely diversified through repeated cycles of dispersal punctuated by isolation to refugia as a result of paleoclimatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene. We argue that this diversification scenario serves as a model of diversification for other rainforest taxa that are similarly limited by geographic factors. In addition, we highlight conservation implications for this critically endangered species, which faces extreme habitat loss and fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=8gh&AN=168592020
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        Value: 10.1002/ece3.10254
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Rain forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ecological models
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      – SubjectFull: Habitats
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Altitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genetic variation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genetic techniques
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Madagascar
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Diversification processes in Gerp's mouse lemur demonstrate the importance of rivers and altitude as biogeographic barriers in Madagascar's humid rainforests.
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              Text: Jul2023
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