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Essential omega‐3 fatty acids are depleted in sea ice and pelagic algae of the Central Arctic Ocean.

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Title: Essential omega‐3 fatty acids are depleted in sea ice and pelagic algae of the Central Arctic Ocean.
Authors: Schmidt, Katrin1 (AUTHOR) katrin.schmidt@plymouth.ac.uk, Graeve, Martin2 (AUTHOR), Hoppe, Clara J. M.2 (AUTHOR), Torres‐Valdes, Sinhué2 (AUTHOR), Welteke, Nahid2 (AUTHOR), Whitmore, Laura M.3 (AUTHOR), Anhaus, Philipp2 (AUTHOR), Atkinson, Angus4 (AUTHOR), Belt, Simon T.1 (AUTHOR), Brenneis, Tina2 (AUTHOR), Campbell, Robert G.5 (AUTHOR), Castellani, Giulia2 (AUTHOR), Copeman, Louise A.6 (AUTHOR), Flores, Hauke2 (AUTHOR), Fong, Allison A.2 (AUTHOR), Hildebrandt, Nicole2 (AUTHOR), Kohlbach, Doreen7,8 (AUTHOR), Nielsen, Jens M.9,10 (AUTHOR), Parrish, Christopher C.11 (AUTHOR), Rad‐Menéndez, Cecilia12 (AUTHOR)
Source: Global Change Biology. Jan2024, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p1-23. 23p.
Subject Terms: *Sea ice, *Algae, *Ocean, *Diatoms, Essential fatty acids, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Omega-3 fatty acids, Docosahexaenoic acid, Flaxseed
Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Abstract: Microalgae are the main source of the omega‐3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), essential for the healthy development of most marine and terrestrial fauna including humans. Inverse correlations of algal EPA and DHA proportions (% of total fatty acids) with temperature have led to suggestions of a warming‐induced decline in the global production of these biomolecules and an enhanced importance of high latitude organisms for their provision. The cold Arctic Ocean is a potential hotspot of EPA and DHA production, but consequences of global warming are unknown. Here, we combine a full‐seasonal EPA and DHA dataset from the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO), with results from 13 previous field studies and 32 cultured algal strains to examine five potential climate change effects; ice algae loss, community shifts, increase in light, nutrients, and temperature. The algal EPA and DHA proportions were lower in the ice‐covered CAO than in warmer peripheral shelf seas, which indicates that the paradigm of an inverse correlation of EPA and DHA proportions with temperature may not hold in the Arctic. We found no systematic differences in the summed EPA and DHA proportions of sea ice versus pelagic algae, and in diatoms versus non‐diatoms. Overall, the algal EPA and DHA proportions varied up to four‐fold seasonally and 10‐fold regionally, pointing to strong light and nutrient limitations in the CAO. Where these limitations ease in a warming Arctic, EPA and DHA proportions are likely to increase alongside increasing primary production, with nutritional benefits for a non‐ice‐associated food web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Essential omega‐3 fatty acids are depleted in sea ice and pelagic algae of the Central Arctic Ocean.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Global+Change+Biology%22">Global Change Biology</searchLink>. Jan2024, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p1-23. 23p.
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  Group: Ab
  Data: Microalgae are the main source of the omega‐3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), essential for the healthy development of most marine and terrestrial fauna including humans. Inverse correlations of algal EPA and DHA proportions (% of total fatty acids) with temperature have led to suggestions of a warming‐induced decline in the global production of these biomolecules and an enhanced importance of high latitude organisms for their provision. The cold Arctic Ocean is a potential hotspot of EPA and DHA production, but consequences of global warming are unknown. Here, we combine a full‐seasonal EPA and DHA dataset from the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO), with results from 13 previous field studies and 32 cultured algal strains to examine five potential climate change effects; ice algae loss, community shifts, increase in light, nutrients, and temperature. The algal EPA and DHA proportions were lower in the ice‐covered CAO than in warmer peripheral shelf seas, which indicates that the paradigm of an inverse correlation of EPA and DHA proportions with temperature may not hold in the Arctic. We found no systematic differences in the summed EPA and DHA proportions of sea ice versus pelagic algae, and in diatoms versus non‐diatoms. Overall, the algal EPA and DHA proportions varied up to four‐fold seasonally and 10‐fold regionally, pointing to strong light and nutrient limitations in the CAO. Where these limitations ease in a warming Arctic, EPA and DHA proportions are likely to increase alongside increasing primary production, with nutritional benefits for a non‐ice‐associated food web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=8gh&AN=175055862
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        Value: 10.1111/gcb.17090
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Sea ice
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Algae
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      – SubjectFull: Ocean
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      – SubjectFull: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
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