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Drinking Water-Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study.

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Title: Drinking Water-Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study.
Authors: Rosen, Emma M.1, Kotlarz, Nadine2,3,4, Knappe, Detlef R. U.2,4, Lea, C. Suzanne4,5, Collier, David N.4,6, Richardson, David B.1,7, Hoppin, Jane A.3,4 jahoppin@ncsu.edu
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives. Feb2024, Vol. 132 Issue 2, p097002-1-097002-9. 9p.
Subject Terms: *Environmental exposure, *Water pollution, *Pollutants, *Fluorocarbons, Cross-sectional method, High density lipoproteins, Research funding, Lipids, Questionnaires, Generation X, LDL cholesterol, Descriptive statistics, Age distribution, Cholesterol, Statistics, Triglycerides, Confidence intervals, Data analysis software, Psychosocial factors, Regression analysis
Geographic Terms: North Carolina
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Residents of Wilmington, North, Carolina, were exposed to drinking water contaminated by fluoroethers and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with fluoroether exposure occurring from 1980 to 2017. PFOA and PFOS have previously been associated with metabolic dysfunction; however, few prior studies have examined associations between other PFAS and lipid levels. OBJECTIVES: We measured the association between serum fluoroether and legacy PFAS levels and various cholesterol outcomes. METHODS: Participants in the GenX Exposure Study contributed nonfasting blood samples in November 2017 and May 2018 that were analyzed for 20 PFAS (10 legacy, 10 fluoroethers) and serum lipids [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides] and calculated non-HDL cholesterol. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations between quartiles of exposure to each of the PFAS measures (as well as the summed concentrations of legacy PFAS, fluoroethers, and all 10 targeted PFAS) and lipid outcomes by fitting inverse probability of treatment weighted linear regressions. RESULTS: In this cross-sectional study of 326 participants (age range 6–86 y), eight PFAS were detected in >50% of the population. For PFOS and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), non-HDL cholesterol was approximately 5 mg/dL higher per exposure quartile increase: [PFOS: 4.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 9.68 and PFNA: 5.25 (95% CI: 0.39, 10.1)], whereas total cholesterol was approximately 6 mg/dL higher per quartile [PFOS: 5.71 (95% CI: 0.38, 11.0), PFNA: 5.92 (95% CI: 0.19, 11.7)]. In age-stratified analyses, associations were strongest among the oldest participants. One fluoroether was associated with higher HDL, whereas other fluoroether compounds were not associated with serum lipid levels. DISCUSSION: PFNA and PFOS were associated with higher levels of total and non-HDL cholesterol, with associations larger in magnitude among older adults. In the presence of these legacy PFAS, fluoroethers appeared to be associated with HDL but not non-HDL lipid measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Drinking Water-Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosen%2C+Emma+M%2E%22">Rosen, Emma M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kotlarz%2C+Nadine%22">Kotlarz, Nadine</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Knappe%2C+Detlef+R%2E+U%2E%22">Knappe, Detlef R. U.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lea%2C+C%2E+Suzanne%22">Lea, C. Suzanne</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Collier%2C+David+N%2E%22">Collier, David N.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Richardson%2C+David+B%2E%22">Richardson, David B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoppin%2C+Jane+A%2E%22">Hoppin, Jane A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo><i> jahoppin@ncsu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Health+Perspectives%22">Environmental Health Perspectives</searchLink>. Feb2024, Vol. 132 Issue 2, p097002-1-097002-9. 9p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+exposure%22">Environmental exposure</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+pollution%22">Water pollution</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pollutants%22">Pollutants</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorocarbons%22">Fluorocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+density+lipoproteins%22">High density lipoproteins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lipids%22">Lipids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Generation+X%22">Generation X</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22LDL+cholesterol%22">LDL cholesterol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+distribution%22">Age distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cholesterol%22">Cholesterol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Triglycerides%22">Triglycerides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychosocial+factors%22">Psychosocial factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22North+Carolina%22">North Carolina</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: BACKGROUND: Residents of Wilmington, North, Carolina, were exposed to drinking water contaminated by fluoroethers and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with fluoroether exposure occurring from 1980 to 2017. PFOA and PFOS have previously been associated with metabolic dysfunction; however, few prior studies have examined associations between other PFAS and lipid levels. OBJECTIVES: We measured the association between serum fluoroether and legacy PFAS levels and various cholesterol outcomes. METHODS: Participants in the GenX Exposure Study contributed nonfasting blood samples in November 2017 and May 2018 that were analyzed for 20 PFAS (10 legacy, 10 fluoroethers) and serum lipids [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides] and calculated non-HDL cholesterol. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations between quartiles of exposure to each of the PFAS measures (as well as the summed concentrations of legacy PFAS, fluoroethers, and all 10 targeted PFAS) and lipid outcomes by fitting inverse probability of treatment weighted linear regressions. RESULTS: In this cross-sectional study of 326 participants (age range 6–86 y), eight PFAS were detected in >50% of the population. For PFOS and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), non-HDL cholesterol was approximately 5 mg/dL higher per exposure quartile increase: [PFOS: 4.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 9.68 and PFNA: 5.25 (95% CI: 0.39, 10.1)], whereas total cholesterol was approximately 6 mg/dL higher per quartile [PFOS: 5.71 (95% CI: 0.38, 11.0), PFNA: 5.92 (95% CI: 0.19, 11.7)]. In age-stratified analyses, associations were strongest among the oldest participants. One fluoroether was associated with higher HDL, whereas other fluoroether compounds were not associated with serum lipid levels. DISCUSSION: PFNA and PFOS were associated with higher levels of total and non-HDL cholesterol, with associations larger in magnitude among older adults. In the presence of these legacy PFAS, fluoroethers appeared to be associated with HDL but not non-HDL lipid measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1289/EHP11033
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 097002-1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Environmental exposure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pollutants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluorocarbons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High density lipoproteins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lipids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Generation X
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: LDL cholesterol
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cholesterol
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Triglycerides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychosocial factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: North Carolina
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Drinking Water-Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study.
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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