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Assessing the analytical reliability of traditional and novel sampling methods for the study of flower rewards quality.

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Title: Assessing the analytical reliability of traditional and novel sampling methods for the study of flower rewards quality.
Authors: Pioltelli, E.1,2 (AUTHOR), Guzzetti, L.1,2 (AUTHOR), Copetta, A.3 (AUTHOR), Labra, M.1,2 (AUTHOR), Galimberti, A.1,2 (AUTHOR), Guidi Nissim, W.1,2 (AUTHOR) werther.guidinissim@unimib.it, Biella, P.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ecosphere. Mar2024, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p1-13. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Pollinators, *Pollen, Insect pollinators, Composition of flowers, Sampling methods, Nutritional requirements
Abstract: Pollinator insects are declining worldwide also due to the alteration of their diet which plays a pivotal role in influencing their health status. Despite interspecific and intraspecific diversity in the diet, pollinators completely or partly rely on pollen and nectar as food sources. A precise characterization of the chemical composition of these flower resources represents a key step in the definition of pollinators' nutritional ecology. However, pollen and nectar represent challenging sources to collect and analyze, especially due to their small amounts per flower, and the application of suitable sampling and analysis tools is a pivotal step to perform dedicated studies and comparisons. Here, we compared a recently proposed tool based on a portable vacuum cleaner for floral pollen collection (E‐PoSa, i.e., Electronic Pollen Sampler) with traditional pollen sampling methods (i.e., anther collection and anther sieving) together with the evaluation of different nectar sampling techniques (i.e., centrifugation, microcapillaries, washing, and microrinsing) by looking at the differences in their quantitative recovery as well as their chemical profiling. Pollen and nectar were collected from three model flower species each. Our results demonstrated that different collection methods introduce biases in the nutritional profiling of floral rewards and specifically: (1) underestimation of the pollen protein and lipid content in the anther collection method; (2) reduction in the volume of recovered nectar by centrifugation; (3) overestimation of the glucose content in the nectar collected by flower washing and underestimation of the glucose content by microrinsing; and (4) relevant biases in the phytochemical profiles of pollen and nectar by analyzing the whole anthers and the nectar collected by washing the entire flower. Differences in methods were not directly related to the different productivity of pollen and nectar across species. The final goal of the study is to propose standardized, comparable, and easily accessible strategies for the study of flower resources that ultimately impact on pollinators' nutritional ecology. Acknowledging the potential influences of the sampling techniques and moving toward shared field protocols will advance the comprehension of species interactions, foraging patterns, and pollinators' nutritional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecosphere is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Assessing the analytical reliability of traditional and novel sampling methods for the study of flower rewards quality.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecosphere%22">Ecosphere</searchLink>. Mar2024, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pollinators%22">Pollinators</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pollen%22">Pollen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+pollinators%22">Insect pollinators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composition+of+flowers%22">Composition of flowers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sampling+methods%22">Sampling methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nutritional+requirements%22">Nutritional requirements</searchLink>
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  Data: Pollinator insects are declining worldwide also due to the alteration of their diet which plays a pivotal role in influencing their health status. Despite interspecific and intraspecific diversity in the diet, pollinators completely or partly rely on pollen and nectar as food sources. A precise characterization of the chemical composition of these flower resources represents a key step in the definition of pollinators' nutritional ecology. However, pollen and nectar represent challenging sources to collect and analyze, especially due to their small amounts per flower, and the application of suitable sampling and analysis tools is a pivotal step to perform dedicated studies and comparisons. Here, we compared a recently proposed tool based on a portable vacuum cleaner for floral pollen collection (E‐PoSa, i.e., Electronic Pollen Sampler) with traditional pollen sampling methods (i.e., anther collection and anther sieving) together with the evaluation of different nectar sampling techniques (i.e., centrifugation, microcapillaries, washing, and microrinsing) by looking at the differences in their quantitative recovery as well as their chemical profiling. Pollen and nectar were collected from three model flower species each. Our results demonstrated that different collection methods introduce biases in the nutritional profiling of floral rewards and specifically: (1) underestimation of the pollen protein and lipid content in the anther collection method; (2) reduction in the volume of recovered nectar by centrifugation; (3) overestimation of the glucose content in the nectar collected by flower washing and underestimation of the glucose content by microrinsing; and (4) relevant biases in the phytochemical profiles of pollen and nectar by analyzing the whole anthers and the nectar collected by washing the entire flower. Differences in methods were not directly related to the different productivity of pollen and nectar across species. The final goal of the study is to propose standardized, comparable, and easily accessible strategies for the study of flower resources that ultimately impact on pollinators' nutritional ecology. Acknowledging the potential influences of the sampling techniques and moving toward shared field protocols will advance the comprehension of species interactions, foraging patterns, and pollinators' nutritional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecosphere is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1002/ecs2.4796
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Pollinators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pollen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insect pollinators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Composition of flowers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sampling methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nutritional requirements
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      – TitleFull: Assessing the analytical reliability of traditional and novel sampling methods for the study of flower rewards quality.
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              M: 03
              Text: Mar2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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