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Investigating Zonal Asymmetries in Stratospheric Ozone Trends From Satellite Limb Observations and a Chemical Transport Model.

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Title: Investigating Zonal Asymmetries in Stratospheric Ozone Trends From Satellite Limb Observations and a Chemical Transport Model.
Authors: Arosio, C.1 (AUTHOR) carloarosio@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de, Chipperfield, M. P.2,3 (AUTHOR), Rozanov, A.1 (AUTHOR), Weber, M.1 (AUTHOR), Dhomse, S.2,3 (AUTHOR), Feng, W.2 (AUTHOR), Jaross, G.4 (AUTHOR), Zhou, X.2,5 (AUTHOR), Burrows, J. P.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres. Apr2024, Vol. 129 Issue 8, p1-17. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Ozone layer, *Atmospheric circulation, Chemical models, Polar vortex, Rossby waves, Geopotential height
Geographic Terms: Greenland, Russia
Company/Entity: Universität Bremen
Abstract: This study investigates the origin of a zonal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends at northern high latitudes, identified in satellite limb observations over the past two decades. We use a merged data set consisting of ozone profiles retrieved at the University of Bremen from SCIAMACHY and OMPS‐LP measurements to derive ozone trends. We also use TOMCAT chemical transport model (CTM) simulations, forced by ERA5 reanalyses, to investigate the factors that drive the asymmetry observed in the long‐term changes. By studying seasonally and longitudinally resolved observation‐based ozone trends, we find, especially during spring, a well‐pronounced asymmetry at polar latitudes with values up to +6 % per decade over Greenland and −5 % per decade over western Russia. The control CTM simulation agrees well with these observed trends, whereas sensitivity simulations indicate that chemical mechanisms involved in the production and removal of ozone, or their changes, are unlikely to explain the observed behavior. The decomposition of TOMCAT ozone time series and ERA5 geopotential height into the first two wavenumber components shows a clear correlation between the two variables in the middle stratosphere and demonstrates a weakening and a shift in the wavenumber‐1 planetary wave activity over the past two decades. Finally, the analysis of the polar vortex position and strength points to a decadal oscillation with a reversal pattern at the beginning of the century. The same is found in the ozone trend asymmetry. This further stresses the link between changes in the polar vortex position and the identified ozone trend pattern. Plain Language Summary: Monitoring long‐term ozone changes in the stratosphere is important and aims to assess the ozone layer's evolution in response to the Montreal Protocol and climate change. In this study, we investigate the origin of a zonal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends over the past two decades, which was identified at northern polar latitudes by analyzing satellite observations. To this aim, we use a merged data set consisting of ozone profiles retrieved at the University of Bremen from SCIAMACHY and OMPS‐LP measurements to derive ozone trends. We also use TOMCAT chemical transport model (CTM) simulations to investigate the factors that determine the asymmetry observed in long‐term ozone changes. The asymmetry is largest in springtime, and the CTM simulation agrees well with the observation‐based trends. Sensitivity simulations indicate that chemical mechanisms involved in the production and destruction of ozone are unlikely to explain the observed pattern. In contrast, changes in atmospheric dynamics are found to be relevant. Our analysis of the polar vortex position and strength shows a cyclical pattern that reverses its phase near the year 2000. We observe this same pattern in the ozone trend asymmetry. Key Points: A longitudinal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends at northern high latitudes is found in satellite observations in the past two decadesThe asymmetry is particularly large in springtime and the TOMCAT chemistry transport model well reproduces the patternChanges in polar wave activity and in the position and strength of the polar vortex are found to be relevant to explain this pattern [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
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  Data: Investigating Zonal Asymmetries in Stratospheric Ozone Trends From Satellite Limb Observations and a Chemical Transport Model.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arosio%2C+C%2E%22">Arosio, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> carloarosio@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chipperfield%2C+M%2E+P%2E%22">Chipperfield, M. P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rozanov%2C+A%2E%22">Rozanov, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weber%2C+M%2E%22">Weber, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dhomse%2C+S%2E%22">Dhomse, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+W%2E%22">Feng, W.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jaross%2C+G%2E%22">Jaross, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+X%2E%22">Zhou, X.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burrows%2C+J%2E+P%2E%22">Burrows, J. P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Atmospheres%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres</searchLink>. Apr2024, Vol. 129 Issue 8, p1-17. 17p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ozone+layer%22">Ozone layer</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+circulation%22">Atmospheric circulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+models%22">Chemical models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polar+vortex%22">Polar vortex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rossby+waves%22">Rossby waves</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geopotential+height%22">Geopotential height</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Greenland%22">Greenland</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Russia%22">Russia</searchLink>
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study investigates the origin of a zonal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends at northern high latitudes, identified in satellite limb observations over the past two decades. We use a merged data set consisting of ozone profiles retrieved at the University of Bremen from SCIAMACHY and OMPS‐LP measurements to derive ozone trends. We also use TOMCAT chemical transport model (CTM) simulations, forced by ERA5 reanalyses, to investigate the factors that drive the asymmetry observed in the long‐term changes. By studying seasonally and longitudinally resolved observation‐based ozone trends, we find, especially during spring, a well‐pronounced asymmetry at polar latitudes with values up to +6 % per decade over Greenland and −5 % per decade over western Russia. The control CTM simulation agrees well with these observed trends, whereas sensitivity simulations indicate that chemical mechanisms involved in the production and removal of ozone, or their changes, are unlikely to explain the observed behavior. The decomposition of TOMCAT ozone time series and ERA5 geopotential height into the first two wavenumber components shows a clear correlation between the two variables in the middle stratosphere and demonstrates a weakening and a shift in the wavenumber‐1 planetary wave activity over the past two decades. Finally, the analysis of the polar vortex position and strength points to a decadal oscillation with a reversal pattern at the beginning of the century. The same is found in the ozone trend asymmetry. This further stresses the link between changes in the polar vortex position and the identified ozone trend pattern. Plain Language Summary: Monitoring long‐term ozone changes in the stratosphere is important and aims to assess the ozone layer's evolution in response to the Montreal Protocol and climate change. In this study, we investigate the origin of a zonal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends over the past two decades, which was identified at northern polar latitudes by analyzing satellite observations. To this aim, we use a merged data set consisting of ozone profiles retrieved at the University of Bremen from SCIAMACHY and OMPS‐LP measurements to derive ozone trends. We also use TOMCAT chemical transport model (CTM) simulations to investigate the factors that determine the asymmetry observed in long‐term ozone changes. The asymmetry is largest in springtime, and the CTM simulation agrees well with the observation‐based trends. Sensitivity simulations indicate that chemical mechanisms involved in the production and destruction of ozone are unlikely to explain the observed pattern. In contrast, changes in atmospheric dynamics are found to be relevant. Our analysis of the polar vortex position and strength shows a cyclical pattern that reverses its phase near the year 2000. We observe this same pattern in the ozone trend asymmetry. Key Points: A longitudinal asymmetry in stratospheric ozone trends at northern high latitudes is found in satellite observations in the past two decadesThe asymmetry is particularly large in springtime and the TOMCAT chemistry transport model well reproduces the patternChanges in polar wave activity and in the position and strength of the polar vortex are found to be relevant to explain this pattern [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2023JD040353
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ozone layer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric circulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polar vortex
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rossby waves
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geopotential height
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      – SubjectFull: Greenland
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      – SubjectFull: Russia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Universität Bremen
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      – TitleFull: Investigating Zonal Asymmetries in Stratospheric Ozone Trends From Satellite Limb Observations and a Chemical Transport Model.
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              Text: Apr2024
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