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The Response of the Earth Magnetosphere to Changes in the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure: 1. Plasma and Magnetic Pressures.

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Title: The Response of the Earth Magnetosphere to Changes in the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure: 1. Plasma and Magnetic Pressures.
Authors: Eyelade, A. V.1 (AUTHOR) adetayo.eyelade@usach.cl, Stepanova, M.2,3 (AUTHOR) marina.stepanova@usach.cl, Espinoza, C. M.2,3 (AUTHOR), Antonova, E. E.4,5 (AUTHOR), Kirpichev, I. P.5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics. Jul2024, Vol. 129 Issue 7, p1-17. 17p.
Subject Terms: Solar wind, Dynamic pressure, Wind pressure, Plasma pressure, Interplanetary magnetic fields, Magnetosphere
Abstract: In the present study, the influence of the solar wind dynamic pressure on the plasma and magnetic pressures of the magnetosphere is studied. We use 11‐year Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) instruments for plasma and magnetic field measurements in the magnetosphere and the OMNI database for solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF data. We focus on the effects of the solar wind dynamic pressure (PSW) and consider only times in which the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) components are within ±5 nT. We find that the plasma pressure inside the magnetosphere follows the solar wind dynamic pressure and that an increase in PSW also influence the day‐night pressure asymmetry. Our analysis also reveals the existence of ion and electron drifts from midnight toward the dusk and dawn sectors, respectively. We observe a local magnetic pressure minimum located near a plasma pressure maximum at around 11 RE on the nightside. Comparing the effect of PSW on both plasma and magnetic pressures, we observe trends which are consistent with the diamagnetic properties of plasmas. In general, the distribution of plasma pressure within the Earth's magnetosphere is an important criterion for evaluating the magnetostatic equilibrium and electric current system. The outcome of this study should provide additional methodologies for the characterization of key plasma characteristics within the magnetosphere. Plain Language Summary: Magnetospheric activity and space weather are driven by the interaction of the solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field. The solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are two important factors that affect the behavior of the Earth's magnetosphere. The interaction between these two factors are complex and can have significant effects on our planet. Based on 11‐year plasma and magnetic field measurements, obtained from THEMIS satellites, we investigated the effect of solar wind dynamic pressure on the plasma and magnetic pressures within the Earth magnetosphere. In this study, we show that changes in the plasma pressure within the magnetosphere are linked to variations in the solar wind dynamic pressure. Our findings confirm that the plasma pressure inside the magnetosphere is mainly controlled by the solar wind dynamic pressure, which can be attributed to pressure balance. Overall, the distribution of plasma pressure within the Earth's magnetosphere is a key parameter for evaluating the magnetostatic equilibrium and electric current system. Our results are expected to offer scientists additional methodologies for characterizing main plasma parameters in the magnetosphere. Key Points: Increase in solar wind dynamic pressure leads to increase in plasma and magnetic pressures in the magnetosphereLarger solar wind dynamic pressure make the plasma pressure more symmetric around the EarthObservations reveal a local magnetic pressure minimum located near a plasma pressure maximum around 11RE on the nightside [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The Response of the Earth Magnetosphere to Changes in the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure: 1. Plasma and Magnetic Pressures.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eyelade%2C+A%2E+V%2E%22">Eyelade, A. V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> adetayo.eyelade@usach.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stepanova%2C+M%2E%22">Stepanova, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> marina.stepanova@usach.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Espinoza%2C+C%2E+M%2E%22">Espinoza, C. M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Antonova%2C+E%2E+E%2E%22">Antonova, E. E.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kirpichev%2C+I%2E+P%2E%22">Kirpichev, I. P.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Space+Physics%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics</searchLink>. Jul2024, Vol. 129 Issue 7, p1-17. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+wind%22">Solar wind</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+pressure%22">Dynamic pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+pressure%22">Wind pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plasma+pressure%22">Plasma pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interplanetary+magnetic+fields%22">Interplanetary magnetic fields</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetosphere%22">Magnetosphere</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In the present study, the influence of the solar wind dynamic pressure on the plasma and magnetic pressures of the magnetosphere is studied. We use 11‐year Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) instruments for plasma and magnetic field measurements in the magnetosphere and the OMNI database for solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF data. We focus on the effects of the solar wind dynamic pressure (PSW) and consider only times in which the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) components are within ±5 nT. We find that the plasma pressure inside the magnetosphere follows the solar wind dynamic pressure and that an increase in PSW also influence the day‐night pressure asymmetry. Our analysis also reveals the existence of ion and electron drifts from midnight toward the dusk and dawn sectors, respectively. We observe a local magnetic pressure minimum located near a plasma pressure maximum at around 11 RE on the nightside. Comparing the effect of PSW on both plasma and magnetic pressures, we observe trends which are consistent with the diamagnetic properties of plasmas. In general, the distribution of plasma pressure within the Earth's magnetosphere is an important criterion for evaluating the magnetostatic equilibrium and electric current system. The outcome of this study should provide additional methodologies for the characterization of key plasma characteristics within the magnetosphere. Plain Language Summary: Magnetospheric activity and space weather are driven by the interaction of the solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field. The solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are two important factors that affect the behavior of the Earth's magnetosphere. The interaction between these two factors are complex and can have significant effects on our planet. Based on 11‐year plasma and magnetic field measurements, obtained from THEMIS satellites, we investigated the effect of solar wind dynamic pressure on the plasma and magnetic pressures within the Earth magnetosphere. In this study, we show that changes in the plasma pressure within the magnetosphere are linked to variations in the solar wind dynamic pressure. Our findings confirm that the plasma pressure inside the magnetosphere is mainly controlled by the solar wind dynamic pressure, which can be attributed to pressure balance. Overall, the distribution of plasma pressure within the Earth's magnetosphere is a key parameter for evaluating the magnetostatic equilibrium and electric current system. Our results are expected to offer scientists additional methodologies for characterizing main plasma parameters in the magnetosphere. Key Points: Increase in solar wind dynamic pressure leads to increase in plasma and magnetic pressures in the magnetosphereLarger solar wind dynamic pressure make the plasma pressure more symmetric around the EarthObservations reveal a local magnetic pressure minimum located near a plasma pressure maximum around 11RE on the nightside [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2023JA031948
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Solar wind
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dynamic pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wind pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plasma pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interplanetary magnetic fields
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetosphere
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Response of the Earth Magnetosphere to Changes in the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure: 1. Plasma and Magnetic Pressures.
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            NameFull: Eyelade, A. V.
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            NameFull: Stepanova, M.
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            NameFull: Espinoza, C. M.
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            NameFull: Antonova, E. E.
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            NameFull: Kirpichev, I. P.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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              Value: 129
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