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Global insights into the effects of forest thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation.

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Title: Global insights into the effects of forest thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation.
Authors: Qu, Qing1,2 (AUTHOR) ylxnqq@nwafu.edu.cn, Hai, Xuying3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 8/11/2025, Vol. 55, p1-12. 12p.
Subject Terms: *Forest thinning, *Climate change, *Soil composition, *Forest management, Microbiological chemistry, Enzymes
Abstract: Thinning plays an important role in regulating stand density and improving interspecific relationships. In this study, we examined the effects of thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry by integrating 1186 pairwise observations in different forest types (coniferous, broadleaf, and mixed), recovery times (<5, 5–10, and >10 years), thinning intensities (light, moderate, and heavy), and relative humidity indices (integrate the combined effects of background climate: <30, 30–50, and >50). Thinning significantly increased the C:P ratio in the soil (4.3%), microbial (10.8%), and enzyme (5.3%), and the N:P ratio in the soil (3.6%) and enzyme (12.8%). However, thinning decreased the C:N ratio in microbial (5.3%) and enzyme (16.3%) and the vector angle (1.2%). Thinning mainly affected the microbial C:N ratio in coniferous and mixed forests. The soil C:N, microbial C:P, and N:P ratios decreased, whereas the vector angle increased with recovery time. The enzyme C:N ratio decreased, whereas the enzyme N:P ratio increased with thinning intensity. The soil N:P ratio, enzyme N:P ratio, and vector angle increased with increasing relative humidity index. The results highlighted that the soil nutrient cycling process, microbial activity, and C–N–P stoichiometry were significantly affected by thinning. Recovery time, thinning intensity, and background climate were important factors regulating these changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Global insights into the effects of forest thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%22&quot;&gt;Canadian Journal of Forest Research&lt;/searchLink&gt;. 8/11/2025, Vol. 55, p1-12. 12p.
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  Data: *&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Forest+thinning%22&quot;&gt;Forest thinning&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Climate+change%22&quot;&gt;Climate change&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Soil+composition%22&quot;&gt;Soil composition&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Forest+management%22&quot;&gt;Forest management&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Microbiological+chemistry%22&quot;&gt;Microbiological chemistry&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Enzymes%22&quot;&gt;Enzymes&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Thinning plays an important role in regulating stand density and improving interspecific relationships. In this study, we examined the effects of thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry by integrating 1186 pairwise observations in different forest types (coniferous, broadleaf, and mixed), recovery times (&lt;5, 5–10, and &gt;10 years), thinning intensities (light, moderate, and heavy), and relative humidity indices (integrate the combined effects of background climate: &lt;30, 30–50, and &gt;50). Thinning significantly increased the C:P ratio in the soil (4.3%), microbial (10.8%), and enzyme (5.3%), and the N:P ratio in the soil (3.6%) and enzyme (12.8%). However, thinning decreased the C:N ratio in microbial (5.3%) and enzyme (16.3%) and the vector angle (1.2%). Thinning mainly affected the microbial C:N ratio in coniferous and mixed forests. The soil C:N, microbial C:P, and N:P ratios decreased, whereas the vector angle increased with recovery time. The enzyme C:N ratio decreased, whereas the enzyme N:P ratio increased with thinning intensity. The soil N:P ratio, enzyme N:P ratio, and vector angle increased with increasing relative humidity index. The results highlighted that the soil nutrient cycling process, microbial activity, and C–N–P stoichiometry were significantly affected by thinning. Recovery time, thinning intensity, and background climate were important factors regulating these changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1139/cjfr-2025-0094
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Forest thinning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil composition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forest management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbiological chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enzymes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Global insights into the effects of forest thinning on soil, microbial, and enzyme C–N–P stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Qu, Qing
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hai, Xuying
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 11
              M: 08
              Text: 8/11/2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00455067
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 55
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Canadian Journal of Forest Research
              Type: main
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