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Production and Partial Characterization of Collagenase from Rhizopus microsporus UCP 1296: Cytotoxic Potential and Controlled Release Strategy.

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Title: Production and Partial Characterization of Collagenase from Rhizopus microsporus UCP 1296: Cytotoxic Potential and Controlled Release Strategy.
Authors: de Souza, Emerson Pequeno1,2 (AUTHOR), da Silva Araújo, Tiago1,2 (AUTHOR), Ramos, Diego Gomes1,3 (AUTHOR), da Silva Santos, Helder Lucas4 (AUTHOR), de Correia, Ana Carolina Carvalho4 (AUTHOR), Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa5 (AUTHOR), Porto, Ana Lúcia Figueiredo5 (AUTHOR), Converti, Attilio6 (AUTHOR), de Araújo Viana Marques, Daniela3 (AUTHOR), de Albuquerque, Priscilla Barbosa Sales4,7 (AUTHOR), de Albuquerque Lima Duarte, Carolina1,2 (AUTHOR) carolina.albuquerque@upe.br
Source: Journal of Polymers & the Environment. Sep2025, Vol. 33 Issue 9, p4271-4285. 15p.
Subject Terms: *Fungal biotechnology, *Biotechnology, Collagenases, Controlled release preparations, Pharmaceutical technology, Gelation, Cytotoxins, Enzymes
Geographic Terms: Brazil
Abstract: Fungal species, especially those from underexplored ecological niches, offer a promising avenue for novel enzyme discovery due to their metabolic versatility and ability to secrete enzymes with favorable industrial properties. However, the biotechnological potential of fungi from extreme or unique biomes, such as the semi-arid Caatinga in Brazil, remains largely untapped. Moreover, although some fungal collagenases have been studied for therapeutic use, there is a lack of comprehensive research integrating the optimization of production steps and the development of efficient delivery systems. This study selected a new strain of Rhizopus microsporus (UCP 1296), isolated from soil in the Caatinga, a Brazilian biome, for collagenase production. A 24-Full Factorial Design and a 22-Central Composite Design, combined with the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), were used to optimize collagenase production in submerged liquid culture. Subsequently, the physicochemical characterization of the enzyme and its incorporation into galactomannan gel were performed. The combined application of statistical designs and RSM allowed for a 63% increase in collagenase production (872 ± 43 U/mg). The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 40 °C, maintaining stability across a wide range of pH and temperature. It was strongly inhibited by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride (PMSF) and was capable of hydrolyzing type I collagen and azocoll. The experiments of collagenase incorporation in galactomannan gel demonstrated that no less than 72% of the enzyme was retained in the matrix, maintaining high activity after 24 h (305.11 U/mL). Furthermore, collagenase was released from the gel following a pseudo-Fickian behavior and did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on L929 fibroblasts, confirming its biocompatibility and suitability as a controlled release system. These results represent an advancement in the sustainable production of fungal collagenase and its incorporation into a galactomannan-based gel system, with potential for large-scale application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Polymers & the Environment is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Production and Partial Characterization of Collagenase from Rhizopus microsporus UCP 1296: Cytotoxic Potential and Controlled Release Strategy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Polymers+%26+the+Environment%22">Journal of Polymers & the Environment</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 33 Issue 9, p4271-4285. 15p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fungal+biotechnology%22">Fungal biotechnology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biotechnology%22">Biotechnology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Collagenases%22">Collagenases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Controlled+release+preparations%22">Controlled release preparations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmaceutical+technology%22">Pharmaceutical technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gelation%22">Gelation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cytotoxins%22">Cytotoxins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enzymes%22">Enzymes</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brazil%22">Brazil</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Fungal species, especially those from underexplored ecological niches, offer a promising avenue for novel enzyme discovery due to their metabolic versatility and ability to secrete enzymes with favorable industrial properties. However, the biotechnological potential of fungi from extreme or unique biomes, such as the semi-arid Caatinga in Brazil, remains largely untapped. Moreover, although some fungal collagenases have been studied for therapeutic use, there is a lack of comprehensive research integrating the optimization of production steps and the development of efficient delivery systems. This study selected a new strain of Rhizopus microsporus (UCP 1296), isolated from soil in the Caatinga, a Brazilian biome, for collagenase production. A 24-Full Factorial Design and a 22-Central Composite Design, combined with the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), were used to optimize collagenase production in submerged liquid culture. Subsequently, the physicochemical characterization of the enzyme and its incorporation into galactomannan gel were performed. The combined application of statistical designs and RSM allowed for a 63% increase in collagenase production (872 ± 43 U/mg). The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 40 °C, maintaining stability across a wide range of pH and temperature. It was strongly inhibited by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride (PMSF) and was capable of hydrolyzing type I collagen and azocoll. The experiments of collagenase incorporation in galactomannan gel demonstrated that no less than 72% of the enzyme was retained in the matrix, maintaining high activity after 24 h (305.11 U/mL). Furthermore, collagenase was released from the gel following a pseudo-Fickian behavior and did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on L929 fibroblasts, confirming its biocompatibility and suitability as a controlled release system. These results represent an advancement in the sustainable production of fungal collagenase and its incorporation into a galactomannan-based gel system, with potential for large-scale application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Polymers & the Environment is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10924-025-03646-w
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 4271
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Fungal biotechnology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biotechnology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Collagenases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Controlled release preparations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pharmaceutical technology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gelation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cytotoxins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enzymes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brazil
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Production and Partial Characterization of Collagenase from Rhizopus microsporus UCP 1296: Cytotoxic Potential and Controlled Release Strategy.
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
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