Sonochemically synthesized novel CNTs-PANI/CoNi(PO4)2 nanocomposites with enhanced electrochemical energy storage performance for asymmetric supercapacitor applications.

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Title: Sonochemically synthesized novel CNTs-PANI/CoNi(PO4)2 nanocomposites with enhanced electrochemical energy storage performance for asymmetric supercapacitor applications.
Authors: Abdul Karim, Muhammad Ramzan1 (AUTHOR) ramzan.karim@giki.edu.pk, Shehzad, Waseem1 (AUTHOR), Atif, Muhammad2 (AUTHOR), Haq, Ehsan ul3 (AUTHOR), Abbas, Zaheer4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energy & Environment. Nov2025, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p3416-3437. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Energy storage, Supercapacitors, Sonication, Dispersive interactions, Nanocomposite materials, Electrochemical analysis
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were polymerized with polyaniline (PANI) via an in-situ polymerization approach. These functionalized CNTs (PANI-CNTs) were added in various concentrations to the sono-chemically synthesized Co-Ni binary transition metals phosphate (CoNi(PO4)2) to ultimately have their nanocomposites. Electron microscopy (SEM & HRTEM) was employed to reveal the morphology and microscopic features. The structural evaluation of metal phosphate and PANI/CNTs was done by X-ray diffractometer analysis, whereas chemical grafting of cobalt nickel phosphate (CoNi(PO4)2) was done by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The hierarchical structured CoNi(PO4)2 with 40 mg PANI/CNTs mass (CNP40) presented enhanced specific capacity of 1268 Cg−1 (2136 F g−1 at 1.5 F g−1) with excellent diffusive behavior (b = 0.5). A resulted hybrid supercapacitor device consisting of CNP40 as +ve electrode and activated carbon AC) as −ve electrode, presented excellent energy density of ∼87 Whkg−1 with good power density of 680 W kg−1 maintained to 32.9 W kg−1 (@ 20,400 W kg−1) with 37% rate performance, and excellent cyclic performance (∼100%) after 5000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, capacitive-diffusive analysis revealed that the device showed 55% diffusive and 45% capacitive behaviour. This improved electrochemical performance might be attributed mainly to the uniform and hierarchical chemical grafted morphology of the novel combination of binary phosphates and PANI functionalized CNTs in the nanocomposite obtained via a rather different sonochemical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Sonochemically synthesized novel CNTs-PANI/CoNi(PO<subscript>4</subscript>)<subscript>2</subscript> nanocomposites with enhanced electrochemical energy storage performance for asymmetric supercapacitor applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abdul+Karim%2C+Muhammad+Ramzan%22">Abdul Karim, Muhammad Ramzan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ramzan.karim@giki.edu.pk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shehzad%2C+Waseem%22">Shehzad, Waseem</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Atif%2C+Muhammad%22">Atif, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haq%2C+Ehsan+ul%22">Haq, Ehsan ul</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abbas%2C+Zaheer%22">Abbas, Zaheer</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energy+%26+Environment%22">Energy & Environment</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p3416-3437. 22p.
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  Label: Subject Terms
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+storage%22">Energy storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supercapacitors%22">Supercapacitors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sonication%22">Sonication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dispersive+interactions%22">Dispersive interactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocomposite+materials%22">Nanocomposite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+analysis%22">Electrochemical analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were polymerized with polyaniline (PANI) via an in-situ polymerization approach. These functionalized CNTs (PANI-CNTs) were added in various concentrations to the sono-chemically synthesized Co-Ni binary transition metals phosphate (CoNi(PO4)2) to ultimately have their nanocomposites. Electron microscopy (SEM & HRTEM) was employed to reveal the morphology and microscopic features. The structural evaluation of metal phosphate and PANI/CNTs was done by X-ray diffractometer analysis, whereas chemical grafting of cobalt nickel phosphate (CoNi(PO4)2) was done by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The hierarchical structured CoNi(PO4)2 with 40 mg PANI/CNTs mass (CNP40) presented enhanced specific capacity of 1268 Cg−1 (2136 F g−1 at 1.5 F g−1) with excellent diffusive behavior (b = 0.5). A resulted hybrid supercapacitor device consisting of CNP40 as +ve electrode and activated carbon AC) as −ve electrode, presented excellent energy density of ∼87 Whkg−1 with good power density of 680 W kg−1 maintained to 32.9 W kg−1 (@ 20,400 W kg−1) with 37% rate performance, and excellent cyclic performance (∼100%) after 5000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, capacitive-diffusive analysis revealed that the device showed 55% diffusive and 45% capacitive behaviour. This improved electrochemical performance might be attributed mainly to the uniform and hierarchical chemical grafted morphology of the novel combination of binary phosphates and PANI functionalized CNTs in the nanocomposite obtained via a rather different sonochemical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energy & Environment is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/0958305X231221260
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 3416
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Energy storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Supercapacitors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sonication
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dispersive interactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanocomposite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical analysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Sonochemically synthesized novel CNTs-PANI/CoNi(PO4)2 nanocomposites with enhanced electrochemical energy storage performance for asymmetric supercapacitor applications.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Abdul Karim, Muhammad Ramzan
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            NameFull: Shehzad, Waseem
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            NameFull: Atif, Muhammad
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            NameFull: Haq, Ehsan ul
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            NameFull: Abbas, Zaheer
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 36
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              Value: 7
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            – TitleFull: Energy & Environment
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