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Figured wood occurrence in Acer pictum is related to tree form.

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Title: Figured wood occurrence in Acer pictum is related to tree form.
Authors: Nakaya, Akira1 (AUTHOR) nakaya.akira.o8@elms.hokudai.ac.jp, Miyazaki, Toru2 (AUTHOR), Yoshida, Toshiya3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 2/23/2026, Vol. 56, p1-9. 9p.
Subject Terms: *Hardwood forests, *Tree-rings, *Tree height, *Forests & forestry, Plant stems, Maple, Lumber
Geographic Terms: Japan
Abstract: Figured wood in Acer pictum is valued for furniture and musical instruments, yet its occurrence remains poorly understood because reliable assessment is difficult without felling trees. This study examined the relationship between the occurrence of figured wood (wavy and birdseye) and tree characteristics in 60 A. pictum trees within a 16.8 ha natural forest in northern Japan. Boards 30 cm in length were obtained from logs cut 3 m above ground, and the proportion of figured wood (PFW) was quantified. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate direct and indirect effects of stem crookedness (SC), fork height (FH), annual ring width (ARW), and basal area on PFW. Although 87% of trees exhibited figure, the mean PFW was low (7.0%, SD = 9.8%), and only 5% of trees showing PFW greater than 31%. Contrary to expectations that larger trees produce more figure, PFW decreased from pith to bark. SEM indicated that SC and FH were the strongest predictors of PFW, whereas ARW showed no significant effect. These results suggest that silvicultural interventions, such as thinning, may influence figure formation primarily through alterations to stem form rather than growth rate. We argue that retaining atypical tree form may improve the future commercial value of hardwood forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Header DbId: 8gh
DbLabel: GreenFILE
An: 191696643
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Figured wood occurrence in Acer pictum is related to tree form.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nakaya%2C+Akira%22">Nakaya, Akira</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> nakaya.akira.o8@elms.hokudai.ac.jp</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Miyazaki%2C+Toru%22">Miyazaki, Toru</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yoshida%2C+Toshiya%22">Yoshida, Toshiya</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%22">Canadian Journal of Forest Research</searchLink>. 2/23/2026, Vol. 56, p1-9. 9p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hardwood+forests%22">Hardwood forests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tree-rings%22">Tree-rings</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tree+height%22">Tree height</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forests+%26+forestry%22">Forests & forestry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+stems%22">Plant stems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Maple%22">Maple</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lumber%22">Lumber</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Japan%22">Japan</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Figured wood in Acer pictum is valued for furniture and musical instruments, yet its occurrence remains poorly understood because reliable assessment is difficult without felling trees. This study examined the relationship between the occurrence of figured wood (wavy and birdseye) and tree characteristics in 60 A. pictum trees within a 16.8 ha natural forest in northern Japan. Boards 30 cm in length were obtained from logs cut 3 m above ground, and the proportion of figured wood (PFW) was quantified. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate direct and indirect effects of stem crookedness (SC), fork height (FH), annual ring width (ARW), and basal area on PFW. Although 87% of trees exhibited figure, the mean PFW was low (7.0%, SD = 9.8%), and only 5% of trees showing PFW greater than 31%. Contrary to expectations that larger trees produce more figure, PFW decreased from pith to bark. SEM indicated that SC and FH were the strongest predictors of PFW, whereas ARW showed no significant effect. These results suggest that silvicultural interventions, such as thinning, may influence figure formation primarily through alterations to stem form rather than growth rate. We argue that retaining atypical tree form may improve the future commercial value of hardwood forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1139/cjfr-2025-0171
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Hardwood forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tree-rings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tree height
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forests & forestry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant stems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Maple
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lumber
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Japan
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Figured wood occurrence in Acer pictum is related to tree form.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Nakaya, Akira
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Miyazaki, Toru
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yoshida, Toshiya
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          Dates:
            – D: 23
              M: 02
              Text: 2/23/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00455067
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              Value: 56
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            – TitleFull: Canadian Journal of Forest Research
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