The impacts of combining incentives on carpooling for commuting in the Paris region.

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Title: The impacts of combining incentives on carpooling for commuting in the Paris region.
Authors: Salihou, Fawaz1,2,3 (AUTHOR) davidfawazsalihou@yahoo.com, Bulteau, Julie3 (AUTHOR), Le Boennec, Rémy4 (AUTHOR), Berrada, Jaafar2 (AUTHOR), Da Costa, Pascal1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Environmental Planning & Management. Mar2026, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p649-675. 27p.
Subject Terms: *Carpools, *Sustainable transportation, Nudge theory, Subsidies, Metropolitan areas, Travelers, Monetary incentives
Geographic Terms: Paris (France)
Abstract: Carpooling is one solution to help reduce the negative externalities of solo driving. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of incentives on solo drivers' intention to carpool. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 1,329 participants, including 590 (38.39%) residents of the Paris metropolitan area who use a car to get to work. Modal choice estimates were modeled using multinomial logit and binomial logit econometric models for car drivers only. First, we analyzed the effect of non-financial incentives, such as nudges and trust in others during the carpooling trip. Second, we analyzed the effect of the combination of nudges with employer subsidies for sustainable mobility on the intention to carpool as a driver or passenger for the home-to-work (or home-to-school) commute. The results show that people aged 18–49, employees, and those with higher levels of education are more receptive to behavioral interventions such as nudges. Applying nudges in isolation is more effective at encouraging carpooling for commuting than combining nudges with employers' subsidies for sustainable mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Environmental Planning & Management is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The impacts of combining incentives on carpooling for commuting in the Paris region.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Environmental+Planning+%26+Management%22">Journal of Environmental Planning & Management</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p649-675. 27p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carpools%22">Carpools</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainable+transportation%22">Sustainable transportation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nudge+theory%22">Nudge theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Subsidies%22">Subsidies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metropolitan+areas%22">Metropolitan areas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Travelers%22">Travelers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Monetary+incentives%22">Monetary incentives</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Paris+%28France%29%22">Paris (France)</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Carpooling is one solution to help reduce the negative externalities of solo driving. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of incentives on solo drivers' intention to carpool. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 1,329 participants, including 590 (38.39%) residents of the Paris metropolitan area who use a car to get to work. Modal choice estimates were modeled using multinomial logit and binomial logit econometric models for car drivers only. First, we analyzed the effect of non-financial incentives, such as nudges and trust in others during the carpooling trip. Second, we analyzed the effect of the combination of nudges with employer subsidies for sustainable mobility on the intention to carpool as a driver or passenger for the home-to-work (or home-to-school) commute. The results show that people aged 18–49, employees, and those with higher levels of education are more receptive to behavioral interventions such as nudges. Applying nudges in isolation is more effective at encouraging carpooling for commuting than combining nudges with employers' subsidies for sustainable mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Environmental Planning & Management is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/09640568.2024.2392645
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 27
        StartPage: 649
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      – SubjectFull: Carpools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sustainable transportation
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      – SubjectFull: Nudge theory
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      – SubjectFull: Subsidies
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      – SubjectFull: Metropolitan areas
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      – SubjectFull: Travelers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Monetary incentives
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Paris (France)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The impacts of combining incentives on carpooling for commuting in the Paris region.
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            NameFull: Salihou, Fawaz
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            NameFull: Bulteau, Julie
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            NameFull: Le Boennec, Rémy
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            NameFull: Berrada, Jaafar
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              Text: Mar2026
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              Y: 2026
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