Challenges of Introgression in Conservation: Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus) in Mongolia.
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| Title: | Challenges of Introgression in Conservation: Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus) in Mongolia. |
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| Authors: | Jemmett, Anna M.1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR) annajemmett00@gmail.com, Ewen, John G.3 (AUTHOR), Yadamsuren, Adiya5 (AUTHOR), Dawson, Deborah A.4 (AUTHOR), Raggett, Lucy1 (AUTHOR), Burger, Pamela A.6 (AUTHOR), Groombridge, Jim. J.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Ecology & Evolution (20457758). Apr2026, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p1-14. 14p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Species hybridization, *Nature conservation, *Endangered species, Introgression (Genetics), Genetic variation, Camels |
| Geographic Terms: | Mongolia, Gobi Desert (Mongolia & China) |
| Abstract: | The endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus Mongolian: хавтгай, khavtgai; Chinese: 野骆驼, ye luo tuo) is the only extant wild species of the Camelini tribe. Surviving only in remote areas of the Gobi deserts of Mongolia and China, this species is threatened with extinction through climate change, associated habitat disruptions and small population impacts. The Wild Camel can hybridize with domestic Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus), and although this introgression has been considered a threat to species survival, the extent to which it has occurred is unknown. DNA was extracted from 257 individuals, from predominantly non‐invasive samples, collected across the in situ and ex situ Wild Camel populations in Mongolia. Genotyping with nuclear markers combined with mitochondrial DNA sequencing was used to gain a greater understanding of the extent and source of introgression and levels of genetic diversity in these populations. Results show evidence of nuclear, mitochondrial, and historic introgression of Bactrian Camel genes in the Wild Camel population in situ, and in some Wild Camel individuals within the ex situ herd. Nuclear introgression was detected between 10% and 22% of the in situ population in Mongolia. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis have allowed for the sources of introgression to be understood, with paternal introgression being the major source in both in situ and ex situ populations. Results have also shown reduced heterozygosity and elevated inbreeding in the in situ population and reveal similar characteristics in the ex situ herd. Although hybridization is often considered a threat, it may also be an opportunity for species' population viability, and this dilemma creates challenges in conservation management. Whilst the global conservation community currently adopts largely arbitrary thresholds for what is an acceptable level of introgression, a detailed genetic perspective is crucial in understanding hybridization and its effect on conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | GreenFILE |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: 8gh DbLabel: GreenFILE An: 193322532 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Challenges of Introgression in Conservation: Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus) in Mongolia. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jemmett%2C+Anna+M%2E%22">Jemmett, Anna M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> annajemmett00@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ewen%2C+John+G%2E%22">Ewen, John G.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yadamsuren%2C+Adiya%22">Yadamsuren, Adiya</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dawson%2C+Deborah+A%2E%22">Dawson, Deborah A.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raggett%2C+Lucy%22">Raggett, Lucy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burger%2C+Pamela+A%2E%22">Burger, Pamela A.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Groombridge%2C+Jim%2E+J%2E%22">Groombridge, Jim. J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecology+%26+Evolution+%2820457758%29%22">Ecology & Evolution (20457758)</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p1-14. 14p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Species+hybridization%22">Species hybridization</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nature+conservation%22">Nature conservation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Endangered+species%22">Endangered species</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Introgression+%28Genetics%29%22">Introgression (Genetics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+variation%22">Genetic variation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Camels%22">Camels</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mongolia%22">Mongolia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gobi+Desert+%28Mongolia+%26+China%29%22">Gobi Desert (Mongolia & China)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus Mongolian: хавтгай, khavtgai; Chinese: 野骆驼, ye luo tuo) is the only extant wild species of the Camelini tribe. Surviving only in remote areas of the Gobi deserts of Mongolia and China, this species is threatened with extinction through climate change, associated habitat disruptions and small population impacts. The Wild Camel can hybridize with domestic Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus), and although this introgression has been considered a threat to species survival, the extent to which it has occurred is unknown. DNA was extracted from 257 individuals, from predominantly non‐invasive samples, collected across the in situ and ex situ Wild Camel populations in Mongolia. Genotyping with nuclear markers combined with mitochondrial DNA sequencing was used to gain a greater understanding of the extent and source of introgression and levels of genetic diversity in these populations. Results show evidence of nuclear, mitochondrial, and historic introgression of Bactrian Camel genes in the Wild Camel population in situ, and in some Wild Camel individuals within the ex situ herd. Nuclear introgression was detected between 10% and 22% of the in situ population in Mongolia. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis have allowed for the sources of introgression to be understood, with paternal introgression being the major source in both in situ and ex situ populations. Results have also shown reduced heterozygosity and elevated inbreeding in the in situ population and reveal similar characteristics in the ex situ herd. Although hybridization is often considered a threat, it may also be an opportunity for species' population viability, and this dilemma creates challenges in conservation management. Whilst the global conservation community currently adopts largely arbitrary thresholds for what is an acceptable level of introgression, a detailed genetic perspective is crucial in understanding hybridization and its effect on conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/ece3.73293 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Species hybridization Type: general – SubjectFull: Nature conservation Type: general – SubjectFull: Endangered species Type: general – SubjectFull: Introgression (Genetics) Type: general – SubjectFull: Genetic variation Type: general – SubjectFull: Camels Type: general – SubjectFull: Mongolia Type: general – SubjectFull: Gobi Desert (Mongolia & China) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Challenges of Introgression in Conservation: Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Wild Camel (Camelus ferus) in Mongolia. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jemmett, Anna M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ewen, John G. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yadamsuren, Adiya – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dawson, Deborah A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Raggett, Lucy – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Burger, Pamela A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Groombridge, Jim. J. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 04 Text: Apr2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20457758 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 16 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Ecology & Evolution (20457758) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
