Distribution, bioconcentration, trophic transfer and effects of combined exposure of ionic liquid [C8mim]Br and PMMA in a simulated ecosystem.

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Title: Distribution, bioconcentration, trophic transfer and effects of combined exposure of ionic liquid [C8mim]Br and PMMA in a simulated ecosystem.
Authors: Wang, Huangyingzi1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Fan1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yubin1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Chenzhe1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Chang1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Wenxin1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Jiaping1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Jianyun1 (AUTHOR) jianyun.liu@dhu.edu.cn, Huang, Manhong1,2 (AUTHOR) huangmanhong@dhu.edu.cn
Source: Journal of Environmental Sciences (Elsevier). Jul2026, Vol. 165, p724-732. 9p.
Subject Terms: *Ecosystem management, *Environmental toxicology, *Bioconcentration, *Adsorption (Chemistry), Ionic liquids, Microplastics, Oxidative stress, Biomagnification
Abstract: • The adsorption of [C 8 mim]Br onto PMMA corresponds to a biphasic adsorption process. • [C 8 mim]Br and PMMA induced oxidative stress responses in the constructed ecosystem. • Aquatic and benthic organisms showed opposite toxic responses to combined exposure. • The co-exposure suppressed [C 8 mim]Br biomagnification across trophic levels. The expanding manufacturing and utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) and microplastics (MPs) have prompted worldwide environmental health concerns due to their pervasive environmental dispersion. While the toxicological impacts of ILs and MPs on diverse aquatic organisms have been well characterized, their environmental behaviors exhibit considerable complexity owing to the inherent heterogeneity of natural aquatic systems. This study established a simulated freshwater ecosystem containing aqueous phase, benthic sediment, floating plant, submerged plant, shrimp, snail and fish to investigate the environmental behavior and effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C 8 mim]Br) and polymethacrylates (PMMA). Specifically, multicomponent analysis was conducted on their partitioning dynamics, ecotoxicological consequences and trophic transfer mechanisms under chronic exposure. The experimental findings revealed a biphasic adsorption process of [C₈mim]Br, where initial adsorption onto PMMA substrates, ultimately penetrating into PMMA's internal regions. Co-exposure resulted in reduced oxidative stress responses in aquatic biota, whereas benthic organisms demonstrated enlarged oxidative damage due to ingestion of larger particulate aggregates. [C₈mim]Br exhibited trophic level-dependent bioaccumulation patterns across five representative species within the community, though co-exposure with PMMA resulted in attenuated trophic magnification through the food web. Building upon physiological experimental evidence, the integrated biomarker responses (IBR) index was employed to assess the relative toxicities, revealing a comprehensive toxicity hierarchy: PMMA < [C 8 mim]Br + PMMA < [C 8 mim]Br across biological endpoints. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Environmental Sciences (Elsevier) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Distribution, bioconcentration, trophic transfer and effects of combined exposure of ionic liquid [C8mim]Br and PMMA in a simulated ecosystem.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: • The adsorption of [C 8 mim]Br onto PMMA corresponds to a biphasic adsorption process. • [C 8 mim]Br and PMMA induced oxidative stress responses in the constructed ecosystem. • Aquatic and benthic organisms showed opposite toxic responses to combined exposure. • The co-exposure suppressed [C 8 mim]Br biomagnification across trophic levels. The expanding manufacturing and utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) and microplastics (MPs) have prompted worldwide environmental health concerns due to their pervasive environmental dispersion. While the toxicological impacts of ILs and MPs on diverse aquatic organisms have been well characterized, their environmental behaviors exhibit considerable complexity owing to the inherent heterogeneity of natural aquatic systems. This study established a simulated freshwater ecosystem containing aqueous phase, benthic sediment, floating plant, submerged plant, shrimp, snail and fish to investigate the environmental behavior and effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C 8 mim]Br) and polymethacrylates (PMMA). Specifically, multicomponent analysis was conducted on their partitioning dynamics, ecotoxicological consequences and trophic transfer mechanisms under chronic exposure. The experimental findings revealed a biphasic adsorption process of [C₈mim]Br, where initial adsorption onto PMMA substrates, ultimately penetrating into PMMA&#39;s internal regions. Co-exposure resulted in reduced oxidative stress responses in aquatic biota, whereas benthic organisms demonstrated enlarged oxidative damage due to ingestion of larger particulate aggregates. [C₈mim]Br exhibited trophic level-dependent bioaccumulation patterns across five representative species within the community, though co-exposure with PMMA resulted in attenuated trophic magnification through the food web. Building upon physiological experimental evidence, the integrated biomarker responses (IBR) index was employed to assess the relative toxicities, revealing a comprehensive toxicity hierarchy: PMMA &lt; [C 8 mim]Br + PMMA &lt; [C 8 mim]Br across biological endpoints. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Journal of Environmental Sciences (Elsevier) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.036
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 724
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ecosystem management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental toxicology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bioconcentration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adsorption (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ionic liquids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microplastics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxidative stress
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomagnification
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Distribution, bioconcentration, trophic transfer and effects of combined exposure of ionic liquid [C8mim]Br and PMMA in a simulated ecosystem.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Wang, Huangyingzi
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            NameFull: Yu, Fan
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            NameFull: Zhang, Yubin
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            NameFull: Wang, Chenzhe
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            NameFull: Liu, Chang
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            NameFull: Chen, Wenxin
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            NameFull: Liu, Jianyun
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 165
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Environmental Sciences (Elsevier)
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