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Preliminary Physicochemical Assessment of Aquaculture Effluents for Irrigation Reuse in the Brazilian Semi-Arid.

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Title: Preliminary Physicochemical Assessment of Aquaculture Effluents for Irrigation Reuse in the Brazilian Semi-Arid.
Authors: Rocha, Tereza Amelia Lopes Cizenando Guedes1 (AUTHOR) tereza.cizenando@ifpa.edu.br, Batista, Rafael Oliveira2 (AUTHOR) rafaelbatista@ufersa.edu.br, da Silva, Silvanete Severino3 (AUTHOR) silvanete.silva@ufrpe.br, de Melo, Stefeson Bezerra1 (AUTHOR) stefeson@ufersa.edu.br, Farias, Phâmella Kalliny Pereira1 (AUTHOR) phamella@temporarios.ufersa.edu.br, de Oliveira, Palloma Vitória Carlos1 (AUTHOR) pallomavictoria@hotmail.com.br, de Oliveira, Francisco Éder Rodrigues1 (AUTHOR) francisco.oliveira55920@alunos.ufersa.edu.br, Coelho, Daniela da Costa Leite2 (AUTHOR) daniela.coelho@ufersa.eu.br, de Sousa Antunes, Luiz Fernando1 (AUTHOR) fernando.ufrrj.agro@gmail.com, de Luna Souto, Antônio Gustavo1 (AUTHOR) gusluso@hotmail.com, de Paiva, Laio Ariel Leite1 (AUTHOR) laioariel@yahoo.com.br, Ferreira, Fagner Nogueira1 (AUTHOR) fagnernf@gmail.com
Source: Water, Air & Soil Pollution. Jul2026, Vol. 237 Issue 14, p1-22. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Salinity, *Water quality, *Irrigation management, *Aquaculture, *Water quality monitoring, *Arid regions, Circular economy, Essential nutrients
Geographic Terms: Brazil
Abstract: Aquaculture effluents are increasingly recognized as a strategic resource for agricultural water reuse, especially in semi-arid regions, where water scarcity and fertilizer costs intensify pressure on production systems. Within a circular economy framework, these effluents may simultaneously supply water and nutrients; however, their physicochemical composition must be carefully assessed, since excessive salt loading may impair soil quality and threaten long-term agricultural sustainability. This study performed a preliminary physicochemical assessment of raw and diluted aquaculture effluents to determine their potential for irrigation reuse in the Brazilian semi-arid, with emphasis on salinity, sodicity, ionic composition, nutrient-related parameters, and trace elements. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, northeastern Brazil, from October 2022 to December 2023. Five treatments were evaluated: T1 (100% freshwater), T2 (75% freshwater + 25% effluent), T3 (50% freshwater + 50% effluent), T4 (25% freshwater + 75% effluent), and T5 (100% effluent). Samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), major ions, nutrients, and trace elements, while sodium adsorption ratio, magnesium hazard, residual sodium carbonate, and hardness were also determined. Dilution with freshwater partially improved irrigation suitability but increasing effluent proportion intensified hydrochemical restrictions. Although effluents supplied relevant amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+, N, and P, reuse potential was mainly limited by salinity, particularly EC and Cl−, whereas sodicity remained secondary. Multivariate analysis identified EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl⁻, HCO₃−, P, SAR, Mn, Zn2+, and N as the main drivers of water quality variation, supporting irrigation reuse under controlled dilution, drainage, and continuous monitoring protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Preliminary Physicochemical Assessment of Aquaculture Effluents for Irrigation Reuse in the Brazilian Semi-Arid.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rocha%2C+Tereza+Amelia+Lopes+Cizenando+Guedes%22">Rocha, Tereza Amelia Lopes Cizenando Guedes</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> tereza.cizenando@ifpa.edu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Batista%2C+Rafael+Oliveira%22">Batista, Rafael Oliveira</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rafaelbatista@ufersa.edu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22da+Silva%2C+Silvanete+Severino%22">da Silva, Silvanete Severino</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> silvanete.silva@ufrpe.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Melo%2C+Stefeson+Bezerra%22">de Melo, Stefeson Bezerra</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> stefeson@ufersa.edu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Farias%2C+Phâmella+Kalliny+Pereira%22">Farias, Phâmella Kalliny Pereira</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> phamella@temporarios.ufersa.edu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Oliveira%2C+Palloma+Vitória+Carlos%22">de Oliveira, Palloma Vitória Carlos</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pallomavictoria@hotmail.com.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Oliveira%2C+Francisco+Éder+Rodrigues%22">de Oliveira, Francisco Éder Rodrigues</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> francisco.oliveira55920@alunos.ufersa.edu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Coelho%2C+Daniela+da+Costa+Leite%22">Coelho, Daniela da Costa Leite</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> daniela.coelho@ufersa.eu.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Sousa+Antunes%2C+Luiz+Fernando%22">de Sousa Antunes, Luiz Fernando</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fernando.ufrrj.agro@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Luna+Souto%2C+Antônio+Gustavo%22">de Luna Souto, Antônio Gustavo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> gusluso@hotmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Paiva%2C+Laio+Ariel+Leite%22">de Paiva, Laio Ariel Leite</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> laioariel@yahoo.com.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferreira%2C+Fagner+Nogueira%22">Ferreira, Fagner Nogueira</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fagnernf@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Water%2C+Air+%26+Soil+Pollution%22">Water, Air & Soil Pollution</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 237 Issue 14, p1-22. 22p.
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  Data: Aquaculture effluents are increasingly recognized as a strategic resource for agricultural water reuse, especially in semi-arid regions, where water scarcity and fertilizer costs intensify pressure on production systems. Within a circular economy framework, these effluents may simultaneously supply water and nutrients; however, their physicochemical composition must be carefully assessed, since excessive salt loading may impair soil quality and threaten long-term agricultural sustainability. This study performed a preliminary physicochemical assessment of raw and diluted aquaculture effluents to determine their potential for irrigation reuse in the Brazilian semi-arid, with emphasis on salinity, sodicity, ionic composition, nutrient-related parameters, and trace elements. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró, northeastern Brazil, from October 2022 to December 2023. Five treatments were evaluated: T1 (100% freshwater), T2 (75% freshwater + 25% effluent), T3 (50% freshwater + 50% effluent), T4 (25% freshwater + 75% effluent), and T5 (100% effluent). Samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), major ions, nutrients, and trace elements, while sodium adsorption ratio, magnesium hazard, residual sodium carbonate, and hardness were also determined. Dilution with freshwater partially improved irrigation suitability but increasing effluent proportion intensified hydrochemical restrictions. Although effluents supplied relevant amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+, N, and P, reuse potential was mainly limited by salinity, particularly EC and Cl−, whereas sodicity remained secondary. Multivariate analysis identified EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl⁻, HCO₃−, P, SAR, Mn, Zn2+, and N as the main drivers of water quality variation, supporting irrigation reuse under controlled dilution, drainage, and continuous monitoring protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11270-026-09480-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Salinity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water quality
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      – SubjectFull: Irrigation management
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      – SubjectFull: Aquaculture
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      – SubjectFull: Arid regions
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