Assessing the Vulnerability of Sundarbans Mangroves to LST Variability: Utilising 26‐Year Spatiotemporal Data.

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Title: Assessing the Vulnerability of Sundarbans Mangroves to LST Variability: Utilising 26‐Year Spatiotemporal Data.
Authors: Rahman, R‐Rafiul1 (AUTHOR), Rakib, Md Imran Hossain1 (AUTHOR), Ahmed, Asib2 (AUTHOR), Tabassum, Tahsin1 (AUTHOR), Sorker, Raihan3 (AUTHOR), Alam, Mahbub1,4 (AUTHOR) mahbub@email.sc.edu
Source: International Journal of Climatology. Jun2026, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p1-21. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Mangrove forests, *Species distribution, *Land use, *Mangrove plants, *Climate change, Land surface temperature, Box-Jenkins forecasting, Physiological effects of temperature
Geographic Terms: Bangladesh
Abstract: The Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is becoming increasingly susceptible to climate‐induced stress. This study examines 26 years of satellite‐derived land surface temperature (LST) data to evaluate seasonal trends, land use/land cover (LULC) changes and the spatial correlation between LST variations and predominant mangrove species in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh. LST fluctuations were most evident in the pre‐monsoon and monsoon seasons. February and December exhibited a statistically significant cooling trend over the study period. Concurrently, forest cover has decreased at an average annual rate of 5.78 km2, whereas coastal water bodies have increased by 5.17 km2, triggering microclimatic shifts that reinforce a positive feedback loop where deforestation intensifies surface heating, further accelerating forest degradation. Cluster analyses reveal sharp monthly temperature shifts outside of the pre‐monsoon season, suggesting climatic instability that could push the system toward ecological thresholds. SARIMA modelling demonstrated 95.21% accuracy in temperature forecasting for 5 years, underscoring the predictive significance of temporal analysis for future stress thresholds. Species‐specific clustering showed Ceriops decandra dominating hotter zones (26.69°C) and Heritiera fomes preferring cooler zones (25.88°C), indicating potential future redistribution or decline of sensitive species under climate extremes. This study is the first to combine species‐specific LST analysis, cluster analysis and SARIMA forecasting in the Sundarbans, offering high‐accuracy predictions of thermal stress and advancing species‐informed, adaptive management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Climatology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Assessing the Vulnerability of Sundarbans Mangroves to LST Variability: Utilising 26‐Year Spatiotemporal Data.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Climatology%22">International Journal of Climatology</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p1-21. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bangladesh%22">Bangladesh</searchLink>
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  Data: The Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is becoming increasingly susceptible to climate‐induced stress. This study examines 26 years of satellite‐derived land surface temperature (LST) data to evaluate seasonal trends, land use/land cover (LULC) changes and the spatial correlation between LST variations and predominant mangrove species in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh. LST fluctuations were most evident in the pre‐monsoon and monsoon seasons. February and December exhibited a statistically significant cooling trend over the study period. Concurrently, forest cover has decreased at an average annual rate of 5.78 km2, whereas coastal water bodies have increased by 5.17 km2, triggering microclimatic shifts that reinforce a positive feedback loop where deforestation intensifies surface heating, further accelerating forest degradation. Cluster analyses reveal sharp monthly temperature shifts outside of the pre‐monsoon season, suggesting climatic instability that could push the system toward ecological thresholds. SARIMA modelling demonstrated 95.21% accuracy in temperature forecasting for 5 years, underscoring the predictive significance of temporal analysis for future stress thresholds. Species‐specific clustering showed Ceriops decandra dominating hotter zones (26.69°C) and Heritiera fomes preferring cooler zones (25.88°C), indicating potential future redistribution or decline of sensitive species under climate extremes. This study is the first to combine species‐specific LST analysis, cluster analysis and SARIMA forecasting in the Sundarbans, offering high‐accuracy predictions of thermal stress and advancing species‐informed, adaptive management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Climatology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/joc.70372
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Mangrove forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Species distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Land use
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mangrove plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Land surface temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Box-Jenkins forecasting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physiological effects of temperature
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      – SubjectFull: Bangladesh
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Assessing the Vulnerability of Sundarbans Mangroves to LST Variability: Utilising 26‐Year Spatiotemporal Data.
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              Text: Jun2026
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              Y: 2026
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