Effects of Calcium Sulfate and Stannous Sulfate on Cement Properties and Dissolution of Hexavalent Chromium.

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Title: Effects of Calcium Sulfate and Stannous Sulfate on Cement Properties and Dissolution of Hexavalent Chromium.
Authors: Wang, Yuan1 (AUTHOR) wangyuan9558@163.com, Wang, Zhi2 (AUTHOR) cquwangzhi@126.com, Jiang, Linbo3 (AUTHOR) J1997@outlook.com, Yue, Yanfei2 (AUTHOR) yanfei.yue@cqu.edu.cn, Niu, Jinghang4 (AUTHOR) niujinghang@126.com
Source: Journal of Environmental Engineering. Aug2026, Vol. 152 Issue 8, p1-9. 9p.
Subject Terms: *Hexavalent chromium, *Sulfates, Calcium sulfate, Cement industries, Cement, Compressive strength, Ettringite
Abstract: Cr(III) (trivalent chromium) is converted to Cr(VI) (hexavalent chromium) during the production of clinker. Calcium sulfate in cement will increase the dissolution concentration of Cr(VI) in cement paste. Stannous sulfate (SnSO4) as a common hexavalent chromium reducing agent was added to adjust the setting time and reduce the content of Cr(VI) in cement paste. In this study, stannous sulfate (SnSO4), a common hexavalent chromium reducing agent, was added to adjust the setting time and reduce the content of hexavalent chromium in the cement paste. When calcium sulfate and stannous sulfate were added to the clinker, the cement hydration performance and the content of Cr(VI) were studied through experiments such as setting time, compressive strength, x-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and generalized acid neutralization. The results showed that when a certain amount of SnSO4 (25%) was substituted for gypsum, it not only could regulate the setting time of the cement paste, but also could promote the formation of hydrated calcium silicate (C─S─H) in cement hydration and increase the compressive strength. Stannous sulfate could reduce the concentration of Cr(VI) in the cement paste, and the unreduced Cr(VI) was immobilized in the ettringite. The aforementioned studies demonstrated that SnSO4 substitution for gypsum can be used in cement production engineering, which can not only reduce the content of Cr(VI), but also promote the performance of cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Environmental Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Effects of Calcium Sulfate and Stannous Sulfate on Cement Properties and Dissolution of Hexavalent Chromium.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yuan%22">Wang, Yuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wangyuan9558@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhi%22">Wang, Zhi</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cquwangzhi@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+Linbo%22">Jiang, Linbo</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> J1997@outlook.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yue%2C+Yanfei%22">Yue, Yanfei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yanfei.yue@cqu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Niu%2C+Jinghang%22">Niu, Jinghang</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> niujinghang@126.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering%22">Journal of Environmental Engineering</searchLink>. Aug2026, Vol. 152 Issue 8, p1-9. 9p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hexavalent+chromium%22">Hexavalent chromium</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sulfates%22">Sulfates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calcium+sulfate%22">Calcium sulfate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cement+industries%22">Cement industries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cement%22">Cement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compressive+strength%22">Compressive strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ettringite%22">Ettringite</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Cr(III) (trivalent chromium) is converted to Cr(VI) (hexavalent chromium) during the production of clinker. Calcium sulfate in cement will increase the dissolution concentration of Cr(VI) in cement paste. Stannous sulfate (SnSO4) as a common hexavalent chromium reducing agent was added to adjust the setting time and reduce the content of Cr(VI) in cement paste. In this study, stannous sulfate (SnSO4), a common hexavalent chromium reducing agent, was added to adjust the setting time and reduce the content of hexavalent chromium in the cement paste. When calcium sulfate and stannous sulfate were added to the clinker, the cement hydration performance and the content of Cr(VI) were studied through experiments such as setting time, compressive strength, x-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and generalized acid neutralization. The results showed that when a certain amount of SnSO4 (25%) was substituted for gypsum, it not only could regulate the setting time of the cement paste, but also could promote the formation of hydrated calcium silicate (C─S─H) in cement hydration and increase the compressive strength. Stannous sulfate could reduce the concentration of Cr(VI) in the cement paste, and the unreduced Cr(VI) was immobilized in the ettringite. The aforementioned studies demonstrated that SnSO4 substitution for gypsum can be used in cement production engineering, which can not only reduce the content of Cr(VI), but also promote the performance of cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Environmental Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/JOEEDU.EEENG-8686
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Hexavalent chromium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sulfates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calcium sulfate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cement industries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Compressive strength
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ettringite
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effects of Calcium Sulfate and Stannous Sulfate on Cement Properties and Dissolution of Hexavalent Chromium.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Yuan
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          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Zhi
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            NameFull: Jiang, Linbo
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            NameFull: Yue, Yanfei
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            NameFull: Niu, Jinghang
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 07339372
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              Value: 152
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              Value: 8
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Environmental Engineering
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