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Smallholder farmers' willingness to pay for multi-stress tolerant varieties: evidence from experimental auctions in Southern Africa.

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Title: Smallholder farmers' willingness to pay for multi-stress tolerant varieties: evidence from experimental auctions in Southern Africa.
Authors: Ngoma, Hambulo1 (AUTHOR) h.ngoma@cgiar.org, Mulungu, Kelvin2 (AUTHOR), Pangapanga-Phiri, Innocent3 (AUTHOR), Subakanya, Mitelo2 (AUTHOR), Simutowe, Esau2,3 (AUTHOR), Setimela, Peter1 (AUTHOR), Chiduwa, Mazvita4 (AUTHOR), Kasoma, Chapwa5 (AUTHOR), Tesfaye, Amsal6 (AUTHOR), Chivasa, Walter7 (AUTHOR)
Source: Climate & Development. Jul2026, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p584-602. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Plant diseases, Willingness to pay, Fall armyworm, Rust diseases, Cultivars, Auctions, Small farms
Geographic Terms: Zambia, Africa
Abstract: Several biotic and abiotic factors constrain progress in African agriculture. We assess the prevalence of and farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for varieties tolerant to fall army worm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in maize (Zea mays), rust disease in Soybean (Glycine max) and rosette disease in groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) using experimental auctions. Pest/disease incidences varied across the three countries during the 2022/2023 season (46% - 75% for FAW; 2% – 40% for rust in soybean; 13 – 41% for groundnut rosette disease). Awareness of the existence of tolerant/resistant varieties lags at 7 – 42% for FAW, 4 – 34% for rust tolerant soybean and 3 – 39% for groundnut varieties resistant to rosette. Farmers were willing to pay US $3.3/kg, US $2.5/kg and US $2.3/kg for rust tolerant soybean, rosette tolerant groundnut seed and FAW-tolerant maize seeds, respectively, in Zambia. In Malawi, average WTP was US $1.7/kg , US $1.6/kg and US $1.4/kg for FAW-tolerant maize, rosette tolerant groundnut and rust disease tolerant soybean seeds, respectively. In Tanzania, WTP ranged from US $1.66/kg for rosette tolerant groundnut seed and US $1.50 for rust tolerant soybean seed. We discuss the need and how to close knowledge gaps, address gender disparities, and strengthen seed systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Climate & Development is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Smallholder farmers' willingness to pay for multi-stress tolerant varieties: evidence from experimental auctions in Southern Africa.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ngoma%2C+Hambulo%22">Ngoma, Hambulo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> h.ngoma@cgiar.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mulungu%2C+Kelvin%22">Mulungu, Kelvin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pangapanga-Phiri%2C+Innocent%22">Pangapanga-Phiri, Innocent</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Subakanya%2C+Mitelo%22">Subakanya, Mitelo</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simutowe%2C+Esau%22">Simutowe, Esau</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Setimela%2C+Peter%22">Setimela, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chiduwa%2C+Mazvita%22">Chiduwa, Mazvita</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kasoma%2C+Chapwa%22">Kasoma, Chapwa</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tesfaye%2C+Amsal%22">Tesfaye, Amsal</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chivasa%2C+Walter%22">Chivasa, Walter</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Climate+%26+Development%22">Climate & Development</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p584-602. 19p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+diseases%22">Plant diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Willingness+to+pay%22">Willingness to pay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fall+armyworm%22">Fall armyworm</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rust+diseases%22">Rust diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultivars%22">Cultivars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auctions%22">Auctions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Small+farms%22">Small farms</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zambia%22">Zambia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Africa%22">Africa</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Several biotic and abiotic factors constrain progress in African agriculture. We assess the prevalence of and farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for varieties tolerant to fall army worm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in maize (Zea mays), rust disease in Soybean (Glycine max) and rosette disease in groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) using experimental auctions. Pest/disease incidences varied across the three countries during the 2022/2023 season (46% - 75% for FAW; 2% – 40% for rust in soybean; 13 – 41% for groundnut rosette disease). Awareness of the existence of tolerant/resistant varieties lags at 7 – 42% for FAW, 4 – 34% for rust tolerant soybean and 3 – 39% for groundnut varieties resistant to rosette. Farmers were willing to pay US $3.3/kg, US $2.5/kg and US $2.3/kg for rust tolerant soybean, rosette tolerant groundnut seed and FAW-tolerant maize seeds, respectively, in Zambia. In Malawi, average WTP was US $1.7/kg , US $1.6/kg and US $1.4/kg for FAW-tolerant maize, rosette tolerant groundnut and rust disease tolerant soybean seeds, respectively. In Tanzania, WTP ranged from US $1.66/kg for rosette tolerant groundnut seed and US $1.50 for rust tolerant soybean seed. We discuss the need and how to close knowledge gaps, address gender disparities, and strengthen seed systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Climate & Development is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/17565529.2025.2583385
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 584
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Plant diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Willingness to pay
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fall armyworm
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rust diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cultivars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Auctions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Small farms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zambia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Africa
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Smallholder farmers' willingness to pay for multi-stress tolerant varieties: evidence from experimental auctions in Southern Africa.
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              Text: Jul2026
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              Y: 2026
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