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Evaluating the Effects of Neburon Exposure on Ovarian Folliculogenesis Using Zebrafish and Mouse Granulosa Cell Line.

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Title: Evaluating the Effects of Neburon Exposure on Ovarian Folliculogenesis Using Zebrafish and Mouse Granulosa Cell Line.
Authors: Chen Tang1, Ying Zhang1, Fucong Zhang1, Yiwen Sun1, Yue Zhu1, Fanzheng Xue1, Zhenhong Wang1, You Wu1, Jinpeng Ruan1, Yiming Yue2, Chunyan Yang1, Wei Ge2, Chengyong He1 hecy@xmu.edu.cn, Zhenghong Zuo1 zuozhenghong@xmu.edu.cn
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives. May2026, Vol. 134 Issue 1, p91-109. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Herbicides, *Hydrocarbons, *Fishes, *Environmental exposure, *Animal experimentation, Ovarian follicle, Biological models, Transcriptomes, Ovum, Computer-assisted molecular modeling, Research funding, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, T-test (Statistics), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Cellular signal transduction, Descriptive statistics, Cell lines, Rats, Metabolites, Gene expression, Immunohistochemistry, Cell culture, Research, Molecular structure, One-way analysis of variance, Stains & staining (Microscopy), Data analysis software, Human life cycle, Genotypes, Ovaries, Connective tissue growth factor
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ovarian folliculogenesis is crucial for female reproduction. This can be disrupted by various factors, including pollutants with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonistic activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: Using the herbicide neburon, a moderate AHR agonist among current pesticides, we investigated its effects on ovarian folliculogenesis in zebrafish through life-cycle exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations to elucidate the associated mechanisms. METHODS: Wild-type (WT) and three different genotypes of female zebrafish (amh±;bmpr2a+/+, amh+/+;bmpr2a±, amh±;bmpr2a±) were exposed to neburon for 150 days. Neburon and its metabolites in fish were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Ovarian pathology was assessed by H&E and TUNEL staining. The differentially expressed pathways were identified by transcriptome analysis, followed by validation using RT-qPCR, WB, IHC, and ELISA. Finally, AHR antagonist, ChIP-RT-qPCR, and other methods were used to further elucidate the mechanism in mouse granulosa cell line (KK1). RESULTS: After neburon exposure, only four metabolites of neburon were detected but not the metabolite itself, and all these metabolites had AHR agonistic activity, indicating the persistent toxicity of neburon. Neburon exposure altered the follicle-stage distribution and poorer oocyte quality in WT zebrafish. Further experiments found that neburon exposure induced greater secretion of anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh), greater expression of genes in the Amh/Bmpr2a pathway, accelerated follicular development, and lower expression of insulin-like growth factors, which was associated with oocyte atresia. Notably, amh±;bmpr2a± zebrafish showed a rescued phenotype with regard to these neburon-associated outcomes. Moreover, AHR exhibited specific binding to the Amh promoter in KK1 cells, and neburon treatment enhanced their interaction. DISCUSSION: In zebrafish, AMH was identified as a critical target for reproductive disorders following neburon exposure. Despite the short half-lives of the currently used pesticides, their metabolites might still have significant toxicological risks. This study provides novel insight into how one AHR agonistic pollutant affects female zebrafish reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Evaluating the Effects of Neburon Exposure on Ovarian Folliculogenesis Using Zebrafish and Mouse Granulosa Cell Line.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen+Tang%22">Chen Tang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ying+Zhang%22">Ying Zhang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fucong+Zhang%22">Fucong Zhang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yiwen+Sun%22">Yiwen Sun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yue+Zhu%22">Yue Zhu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fanzheng+Xue%22">Fanzheng Xue</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhenhong+Wang%22">Zhenhong Wang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22You+Wu%22">You Wu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jinpeng+Ruan%22">Jinpeng Ruan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yiming+Yue%22">Yiming Yue</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chunyan+Yang%22">Chunyan Yang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei+Ge%22">Wei Ge</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chengyong+He%22">Chengyong He</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> hecy@xmu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhenghong+Zuo%22">Zhenghong Zuo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> zuozhenghong@xmu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Health+Perspectives%22">Environmental Health Perspectives</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 134 Issue 1, p91-109. 19p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Herbicides%22">Herbicides</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocarbons%22">Hydrocarbons</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fishes%22">Fishes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+exposure%22">Environmental exposure</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+experimentation%22">Animal experimentation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ovarian+follicle%22">Ovarian follicle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biological+models%22">Biological models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transcriptomes%22">Transcriptomes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ovum%22">Ovum</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer-assisted+molecular+modeling%22">Computer-assisted molecular modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry%22">Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enzyme-linked+immunosorbent+assay%22">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reverse+transcriptase+polymerase+chain+reaction%22">Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellular+signal+transduction%22">Cellular signal transduction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+lines%22">Cell lines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rats%22">Rats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metabolites%22">Metabolites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gene+expression%22">Gene expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunohistochemistry%22">Immunohistochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+culture%22">Cell culture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+structure%22">Molecular structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22One-way+analysis+of+variance%22">One-way analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stains+%26+staining+%28Microscopy%29%22">Stains & staining (Microscopy)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+life+cycle%22">Human life cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genotypes%22">Genotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ovaries%22">Ovaries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Connective+tissue+growth+factor%22">Connective tissue growth factor</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: BACKGROUND: Ovarian folliculogenesis is crucial for female reproduction. This can be disrupted by various factors, including pollutants with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonistic activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: Using the herbicide neburon, a moderate AHR agonist among current pesticides, we investigated its effects on ovarian folliculogenesis in zebrafish through life-cycle exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations to elucidate the associated mechanisms. METHODS: Wild-type (WT) and three different genotypes of female zebrafish (amh±;bmpr2a+/+, amh+/+;bmpr2a±, amh±;bmpr2a±) were exposed to neburon for 150 days. Neburon and its metabolites in fish were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Ovarian pathology was assessed by H&E and TUNEL staining. The differentially expressed pathways were identified by transcriptome analysis, followed by validation using RT-qPCR, WB, IHC, and ELISA. Finally, AHR antagonist, ChIP-RT-qPCR, and other methods were used to further elucidate the mechanism in mouse granulosa cell line (KK1). RESULTS: After neburon exposure, only four metabolites of neburon were detected but not the metabolite itself, and all these metabolites had AHR agonistic activity, indicating the persistent toxicity of neburon. Neburon exposure altered the follicle-stage distribution and poorer oocyte quality in WT zebrafish. Further experiments found that neburon exposure induced greater secretion of anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh), greater expression of genes in the Amh/Bmpr2a pathway, accelerated follicular development, and lower expression of insulin-like growth factors, which was associated with oocyte atresia. Notably, amh±;bmpr2a± zebrafish showed a rescued phenotype with regard to these neburon-associated outcomes. Moreover, AHR exhibited specific binding to the Amh promoter in KK1 cells, and neburon treatment enhanced their interaction. DISCUSSION: In zebrafish, AMH was identified as a critical target for reproductive disorders following neburon exposure. Despite the short half-lives of the currently used pesticides, their metabolites might still have significant toxicological risks. This study provides novel insight into how one AHR agonistic pollutant affects female zebrafish reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1021/EHP.6c00111
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Herbicides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocarbons
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      – SubjectFull: Fishes
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      – SubjectFull: Human life cycle
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Ovaries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Connective tissue growth factor
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      – SubjectFull: China
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      – TitleFull: Evaluating the Effects of Neburon Exposure on Ovarian Folliculogenesis Using Zebrafish and Mouse Granulosa Cell Line.
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              Text: May2026
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