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Investigating the Predation Risk of Coastal Dolphins via the Presence of Shark Bite Scars Across Southeast Queensland, Australia.

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Title: Investigating the Predation Risk of Coastal Dolphins via the Presence of Shark Bite Scars Across Southeast Queensland, Australia.
Authors: Hume, Georgina V.1,2 (AUTHOR) georginahume95@gmail.com, Levengood, Alexis L.1,2 (AUTHOR), Webster, Gemma L.1,2 (AUTHOR), Townsend, Kathy A.1,2 (AUTHOR), Peddemors, Victor M.3 (AUTHOR), Holmes, Bonnie J.1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ecology & Evolution (20457758). Jun2026, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p1-14. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Habitat selection, Dolphins, Sharks, Predation, Cetacea, White shark, Shark attacks
Geographic Terms: South East Queensland, Australia, Queensland
Abstract: Predation and its risk influence the ecology and evolution of both predator and prey species. Despite this, predatory attempts of large apex sharks on cetaceans often remain unobserved, constraining empirical assessments of their frequency and ecological significance. Shark bite scars can be used as an indirect measure to quantify predation risk on dolphins and may reveal species‐specific and spatial patterns of predator–prey interactions. Here, we analysed photographs of coastal dolphins in southeast Queensland, Australia to compare predation risk between multiple dolphin species across differing habitats. Using fresh wounds, bites were mainly attributed to tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier) and white (Carcharodon carcharias) sharks, with the peduncle being the most bitten body region across all species. Shark bite scarring differed between species: 50.3% of Australian humpback (Sousa sahulensis), 27.7% of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose (Tursiops aduncus) and 38.5% of common bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) exhibited scars. Dolphins had more scars in sheltered waters (42.6%) compared to open waters (16.3%). Generalised linear models confirmed S. sahulensis were more susceptible to predation attempts, with non‐calves in sheltered waters most at risk. These findings provide a baseline for current predation risk across multiple habitats of sympatric dolphin species in Queensland, providing insight into drivers of the predator–prey interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Investigating the Predation Risk of Coastal Dolphins via the Presence of Shark Bite Scars Across Southeast Queensland, Australia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hume%2C+Georgina+V%2E%22">Hume, Georgina V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> georginahume95@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Levengood%2C+Alexis+L%2E%22">Levengood, Alexis L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Webster%2C+Gemma+L%2E%22">Webster, Gemma L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Townsend%2C+Kathy+A%2E%22">Townsend, Kathy A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peddemors%2C+Victor+M%2E%22">Peddemors, Victor M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Holmes%2C+Bonnie+J%2E%22">Holmes, Bonnie J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecology+%26+Evolution+%2820457758%29%22">Ecology & Evolution (20457758)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p1-14. 14p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Habitat+selection%22">Habitat selection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dolphins%22">Dolphins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sharks%22">Sharks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predation%22">Predation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cetacea%22">Cetacea</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22White+shark%22">White shark</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shark+attacks%22">Shark attacks</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22South+East+Queensland%22">South East Queensland</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Australia%22">Australia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Queensland%22">Queensland</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Predation and its risk influence the ecology and evolution of both predator and prey species. Despite this, predatory attempts of large apex sharks on cetaceans often remain unobserved, constraining empirical assessments of their frequency and ecological significance. Shark bite scars can be used as an indirect measure to quantify predation risk on dolphins and may reveal species‐specific and spatial patterns of predator–prey interactions. Here, we analysed photographs of coastal dolphins in southeast Queensland, Australia to compare predation risk between multiple dolphin species across differing habitats. Using fresh wounds, bites were mainly attributed to tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier) and white (Carcharodon carcharias) sharks, with the peduncle being the most bitten body region across all species. Shark bite scarring differed between species: 50.3% of Australian humpback (Sousa sahulensis), 27.7% of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose (Tursiops aduncus) and 38.5% of common bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) exhibited scars. Dolphins had more scars in sheltered waters (42.6%) compared to open waters (16.3%). Generalised linear models confirmed S. sahulensis were more susceptible to predation attempts, with non‐calves in sheltered waters most at risk. These findings provide a baseline for current predation risk across multiple habitats of sympatric dolphin species in Queensland, providing insight into drivers of the predator–prey interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/ece3.73691
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Habitat selection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dolphins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sharks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Predation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cetacea
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: White shark
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shark attacks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: South East Queensland
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Australia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Queensland
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Investigating the Predation Risk of Coastal Dolphins via the Presence of Shark Bite Scars Across Southeast Queensland, Australia.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
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              Y: 2026
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