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Long-term effectiveness of green roofs in building sustainability through carbon emission and sequestration.

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Title: Long-term effectiveness of green roofs in building sustainability through carbon emission and sequestration.
Authors: Seyedabadi, Mohammad Reza1 (AUTHOR) seyedabadi.mohammadreza@mail.um.ac.ir, Karrabi, Mohsen1 (AUTHOR) karrabi@um.ac.ir, Nabati, Jafar2 (AUTHOR) jafarnabati@um.ac.ir, Rowe, D. Bradley3 (AUTHOR) rowed@msu.edu
Source: Environment, Development & Sustainability. Jul2026, Vol. 28 Issue 7, p16493-16510. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Carbon emissions, *Carbon sequestration, *Sustainable buildings, *Plant species, *Urban ecology, *Green roofs, *Climate change mitigation
Geographic Terms: Mashhad (Iran), Iran
Abstract: The present study was to investigate the effect of green roofs on carbon (C) footprint and compare carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and sequestration of such roofs during their lifetime in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Considering the climate of the area of interest, six cold- and drought-tolerant plant species, including Sedum acre, Hylotelephium spectabile 'Boreau' (syn. Sedum spectabile 'Boreau'), Crassula capitella, Frankenia laevis, Vinca major, and Rosmarinus officinalis were chosen for this purpose. CO2 sequestration of these plants under certain light intensities in the range of 400–2600 µmol/m2.s was then measured by an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). Carbon dioxide sequestration under all light intensities in the area of interest for a 40-year period from 1979 to 2019 was estimated with the help of Matlab software. Afterward, CO2, emitted during green roof construction, was estimated through the simulation of a four-story building, with a floor area of 180-m2, in the Design-Builder software (v.6). As well, CO2 emission induced by roof maintenance activities was predicted based on cost estimates, obtained from an economic analysis of maintenance activities. The study results showed that a roof covered with Frankenia laevis was estimated to sequester 68.7 kg/m2 of CO2 over a 40-year period while emitting 22.65 kg/m2 of CO2 during the same time. Under high (> 1500 µmol/m2.s) and low light intensities (< 1300 µmol/m2.s), Sedum acre and Rosmarinus officinalis also demonstrated the best performance in terms of CO2 sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environment, Development & Sustainability is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Long-term effectiveness of green roofs in building sustainability through carbon emission and sequestration.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The present study was to investigate the effect of green roofs on carbon (C) footprint and compare carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and sequestration of such roofs during their lifetime in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Considering the climate of the area of interest, six cold- and drought-tolerant plant species, including Sedum acre, Hylotelephium spectabile &#39;Boreau&#39; (syn. Sedum spectabile &#39;Boreau&#39;), Crassula capitella, Frankenia laevis, Vinca major, and Rosmarinus officinalis were chosen for this purpose. CO2 sequestration of these plants under certain light intensities in the range of 400–2600 &#181;mol/m2.s was then measured by an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). Carbon dioxide sequestration under all light intensities in the area of interest for a 40-year period from 1979 to 2019 was estimated with the help of Matlab software. Afterward, CO2, emitted during green roof construction, was estimated through the simulation of a four-story building, with a floor area of 180-m2, in the Design-Builder software (v.6). As well, CO2 emission induced by roof maintenance activities was predicted based on cost estimates, obtained from an economic analysis of maintenance activities. The study results showed that a roof covered with Frankenia laevis was estimated to sequester 68.7 kg/m2 of CO2 over a 40-year period while emitting 22.65 kg/m2 of CO2 during the same time. Under high (&gt; 1500 &#181;mol/m2.s) and low light intensities (&lt; 1300 &#181;mol/m2.s), Sedum acre and Rosmarinus officinalis also demonstrated the best performance in terms of CO2 sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Environment, Development &amp; Sustainability is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10668-024-05597-z
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 16493
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Carbon emissions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon sequestration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sustainable buildings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant species
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urban ecology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Green roofs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change mitigation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mashhad (Iran)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iran
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Long-term effectiveness of green roofs in building sustainability through carbon emission and sequestration.
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            NameFull: Seyedabadi, Mohammad Reza
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            NameFull: Karrabi, Mohsen
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            NameFull: Nabati, Jafar
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              Text: Jul2026
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              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Environment, Development & Sustainability
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