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Pressure Fluctuations in Dead‐End PEMFCs: Current Density Dynamics Mechanism, Quantitative Response, and Asymmetric Pressure Optimization.

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Title: Pressure Fluctuations in Dead‐End PEMFCs: Current Density Dynamics Mechanism, Quantitative Response, and Asymmetric Pressure Optimization.
Authors: Li, Qi1 (AUTHOR), Pei, Houchang1 (AUTHOR) peihouchang@163.com, Sun, Liangbo1 (AUTHOR), Xing, Lu2 (AUTHOR), Chang, Huawei3 (AUTHOR), Tu, Zhengkai3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energy Technology. Jun2026, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1-16. 16p.
Subject Terms: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, Pressure control, Fluid dynamics, Current distribution, Flow visualization, Process optimization, Pressure drop (Fluid dynamics), Fuel cell efficiency
Abstract: Pressure fluctuations are unavoidable in vehicle‐mounted proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), with anode and cathode pressure varying within ±30 kPa at 0.1–10 Hz. This study diagnoses the impact of pressure fluctuations on cell output performance by analyzing the uniformity of current density distribution, and accordingly proposes targeted mitigation strategies. Meanwhile, a visualized cathode cooling flow field was constructed with two transparent acrylic plates, enabling real‐time observation of water distribution. Results show pressure fluctuations exert negligible impacts on cell voltage and current uniformity under low loads, with variation below 3%. At high loads, abrupt cathode pressure drops severely degrade cell stability. When cathode pressure drops from 80 to 60 kPa, current uniformity declines by 21.22%, output voltage falls by 10.23%, and local reversal area rises by 51.72%. The proposed anode pressure reduction strategy effectively alleviates local reverse current deterioration, boosting current uniformity by 14.73% and slightly restoring post‐fluctuation voltage. This study establishes a quantitative correlation between pressure fluctuations and current density distribution uniformity in PEMFCs through a combined approach of segmented printed circuit board (PCB)‐based diagnostics and cathode water visualization. Based on the revealed mechanism, an asymmetric regulation strategy via transient anode pressure reduction is proposed, which effectively suppresses cathode pressure fluctuation‐induced degradation and improves cell performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energy Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: GreenFILE
An: 194947249
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Pressure Fluctuations in Dead‐End PEMFCs: Current Density Dynamics Mechanism, Quantitative Response, and Asymmetric Pressure Optimization.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Qi%22">Li, Qi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pei%2C+Houchang%22">Pei, Houchang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> peihouchang@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Liangbo%22">Sun, Liangbo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xing%2C+Lu%22">Xing, Lu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+Huawei%22">Chang, Huawei</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tu%2C+Zhengkai%22">Tu, Zhengkai</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energy+Technology%22">Energy Technology</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1-16. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Proton+exchange+membrane+fuel+cells%22">Proton exchange membrane fuel cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pressure+control%22">Pressure control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluid+dynamics%22">Fluid dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Current+distribution%22">Current distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+visualization%22">Flow visualization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Process+optimization%22">Process optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pressure+drop+%28Fluid+dynamics%29%22">Pressure drop (Fluid dynamics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fuel+cell+efficiency%22">Fuel cell efficiency</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Pressure fluctuations are unavoidable in vehicle‐mounted proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), with anode and cathode pressure varying within ±30 kPa at 0.1–10 Hz. This study diagnoses the impact of pressure fluctuations on cell output performance by analyzing the uniformity of current density distribution, and accordingly proposes targeted mitigation strategies. Meanwhile, a visualized cathode cooling flow field was constructed with two transparent acrylic plates, enabling real‐time observation of water distribution. Results show pressure fluctuations exert negligible impacts on cell voltage and current uniformity under low loads, with variation below 3%. At high loads, abrupt cathode pressure drops severely degrade cell stability. When cathode pressure drops from 80 to 60 kPa, current uniformity declines by 21.22%, output voltage falls by 10.23%, and local reversal area rises by 51.72%. The proposed anode pressure reduction strategy effectively alleviates local reverse current deterioration, boosting current uniformity by 14.73% and slightly restoring post‐fluctuation voltage. This study establishes a quantitative correlation between pressure fluctuations and current density distribution uniformity in PEMFCs through a combined approach of segmented printed circuit board (PCB)‐based diagnostics and cathode water visualization. Based on the revealed mechanism, an asymmetric regulation strategy via transient anode pressure reduction is proposed, which effectively suppresses cathode pressure fluctuation‐induced degradation and improves cell performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energy Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/ente.70531
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pressure control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluid dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Current distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Flow visualization
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      – SubjectFull: Process optimization
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      – SubjectFull: Pressure drop (Fluid dynamics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fuel cell efficiency
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Pressure Fluctuations in Dead‐End PEMFCs: Current Density Dynamics Mechanism, Quantitative Response, and Asymmetric Pressure Optimization.
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            NameFull: Li, Qi
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            NameFull: Pei, Houchang
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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