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Predicting bioaccumulation of PCBs in benthic organisms in field and laboratory exposures.

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Title: Predicting bioaccumulation of PCBs in benthic organisms in field and laboratory exposures.
Authors: Islam, M D Rashedul1 (AUTHOR), Reible, Danny1 (AUTHOR) Danny.Reible@ttu.edu, Gardiner, William2 (AUTHOR), Kerns, Kristen3 (AUTHOR), Lotufo, Guilherme4 (AUTHOR), Moore, David4 (AUTHOR), McCarthy, Chris5 (AUTHOR), Rectenwald, Heather5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry. May2026, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p1301-1318. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Bioaccumulation, *Hazardous waste sites, *Organochlorine compounds, *Environmental sampling, *Contaminated sediments, *Bioconcentration, Polydimethylsiloxane, Benthos
Abstract: Developing reliable estimates of contaminant concentrations in aquatic organisms is crucial for setting cleanup benchmarks, guiding sediment remediation strategies, and designing long-term monitoring at contaminated sediment sites. Passive sampling has been used in recent years to estimate contaminant availability for bioaccumulation predictions. This study compares tissue concentrations predicted by passive samplers with concentrations in measured tissues for both in situ and ex situ exposures. Paired deployments of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers and test organisms were conducted at two U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-listed Superfund sites: Wetland 64 (estuarine) and Penniman Lake (freshwater). The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener concentrations were measured in sediment, porewater, and biota, including estuarine clams and polychaetes; fingernail clams and oligochaetes under both field (in situ) and laboratory (ex situ) conditions. In situ and ex situ exposures gave similar results for both tissue bioaccumulation and measured porewater concentrations. Measured tissue bioaccumulation (∑PCBs) correlated with PDMS uptake corrected for disequilibrium. The relationship varied by up to a log unit between sites due to differences in congener distribution between sites. The freely dissolved porewater concentrations estimated from PDMS correlated with in situ and ex situ tissue uptake on an individual congener basis in both clams and both sites according to log bioconcentration factor (±0.38) = 1.06 (±0.001)* log Kow (R2 = 0.997). The results suggest that polymeric uptake can predict total PCB bioaccumulation on a site-specific basis, whereas porewater concentrations provide a mechanistically consistent predictor of individual congener uptake across sites with differing sediment characteristics and organism types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Predicting bioaccumulation of PCBs in benthic organisms in field and laboratory exposures.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Islam%2C+M+D+Rashedul%22">Islam, M D Rashedul</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reible%2C+Danny%22">Reible, Danny</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Danny.Reible@ttu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gardiner%2C+William%22">Gardiner, William</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kerns%2C+Kristen%22">Kerns, Kristen</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lotufo%2C+Guilherme%22">Lotufo, Guilherme</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moore%2C+David%22">Moore, David</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McCarthy%2C+Chris%22">McCarthy, Chris</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rectenwald%2C+Heather%22">Rectenwald, Heather</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Toxicology+%26+Chemistry%22">Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p1301-1318. 18p.
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  Data: Developing reliable estimates of contaminant concentrations in aquatic organisms is crucial for setting cleanup benchmarks, guiding sediment remediation strategies, and designing long-term monitoring at contaminated sediment sites. Passive sampling has been used in recent years to estimate contaminant availability for bioaccumulation predictions. This study compares tissue concentrations predicted by passive samplers with concentrations in measured tissues for both in situ and ex situ exposures. Paired deployments of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers and test organisms were conducted at two U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-listed Superfund sites: Wetland 64 (estuarine) and Penniman Lake (freshwater). The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener concentrations were measured in sediment, porewater, and biota, including estuarine clams and polychaetes; fingernail clams and oligochaetes under both field (in situ) and laboratory (ex situ) conditions. In situ and ex situ exposures gave similar results for both tissue bioaccumulation and measured porewater concentrations. Measured tissue bioaccumulation (∑PCBs) correlated with PDMS uptake corrected for disequilibrium. The relationship varied by up to a log unit between sites due to differences in congener distribution between sites. The freely dissolved porewater concentrations estimated from PDMS correlated with in situ and ex situ tissue uptake on an individual congener basis in both clams and both sites according to log bioconcentration factor (±0.38) = 1.06 (±0.001)* log Kow (R2 = 0.997). The results suggest that polymeric uptake can predict total PCB bioaccumulation on a site-specific basis, whereas porewater concentrations provide a mechanistically consistent predictor of individual congener uptake across sites with differing sediment characteristics and organism types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/etojnl/vgag035
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1301
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Bioaccumulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hazardous waste sites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organochlorine compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Contaminated sediments
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bioconcentration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polydimethylsiloxane
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Benthos
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Predicting bioaccumulation of PCBs in benthic organisms in field and laboratory exposures.
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            NameFull: Islam, M D Rashedul
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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