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Appropriateness of selecting different averaging times for modelling chronic and acute exposure to environmental odours

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Title: Appropriateness of selecting different averaging times for modelling chronic and acute exposure to environmental odours
Authors: Drew, G.H.1, Smith, R.1, Gerard, V.1, Burge, C.1, Lowe, M.1,2, Kinnersley, R.3, Sneath, R.4, Longhurst, P.J.1 p.j.longhurst@cranfield.ac.uk
Source: Atmospheric Environment. Apr2007, Vol. 41 Issue 13, p2870-2880. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Emissions (Air pollution), *Air pollution, Odors, Dispersion (Chemistry), Arithmetic mean, Atmospheric models, Peak load
Abstract: Odour emissions are episodic, characterised by periods of high emission rates, interspersed with periods of low emissions. It is frequently the short term, high concentration peaks that result in annoyance in the surrounding population. Dispersion modelling is accepted as a useful tool for odour impact assessment, and two approaches can be adopted. The first approach of modelling the hourly average concentration can underestimate total odour concentration peaks, resulting in annoyance and complaints. The second modelling approach involves the use of short averaging times. This study assesses the appropriateness of using different averaging times to model the dispersion of odour from a landfill site. We also examine perception of odour in the community in conjunction with the modelled odour dispersal, by using community monitors to record incidents of odour. The results show that with the shorter averaging times, the modelled pattern of dispersal reflects the pattern of observed odour incidents recorded in the community monitoring database, with the modelled odour dispersing further in a north easterly direction. Therefore, the current regulatory method of dispersion modelling, using hourly averaging times, is less successful at capturing peak concentrations, and does not capture the pattern of odour emission as indicated by the community monitoring database. The use of short averaging times is therefore of greater value in predicting the likely nuisance impact of an odour source and in framing appropriate regulatory controls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Appropriateness of selecting different averaging times for modelling chronic and acute exposure to environmental odours
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Drew%2C+G%2EH%2E%22">Drew, G.H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smith%2C+R%2E%22">Smith, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gerard%2C+V%2E%22">Gerard, V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burge%2C+C%2E%22">Burge, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lowe%2C+M%2E%22">Lowe, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kinnersley%2C+R%2E%22">Kinnersley, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sneath%2C+R%2E%22">Sneath, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Longhurst%2C+P%2EJ%2E%22">Longhurst, P.J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> p.j.longhurst@cranfield.ac.uk</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Atmospheric+Environment%22">Atmospheric Environment</searchLink>. Apr2007, Vol. 41 Issue 13, p2870-2880. 11p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emissions+%28Air+pollution%29%22">Emissions (Air pollution)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Air+pollution%22">Air pollution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odors%22">Odors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dispersion+%28Chemistry%29%22">Dispersion (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arithmetic+mean%22">Arithmetic mean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+models%22">Atmospheric models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peak+load%22">Peak load</searchLink>
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  Data: Odour emissions are episodic, characterised by periods of high emission rates, interspersed with periods of low emissions. It is frequently the short term, high concentration peaks that result in annoyance in the surrounding population. Dispersion modelling is accepted as a useful tool for odour impact assessment, and two approaches can be adopted. The first approach of modelling the hourly average concentration can underestimate total odour concentration peaks, resulting in annoyance and complaints. The second modelling approach involves the use of short averaging times. This study assesses the appropriateness of using different averaging times to model the dispersion of odour from a landfill site. We also examine perception of odour in the community in conjunction with the modelled odour dispersal, by using community monitors to record incidents of odour. The results show that with the shorter averaging times, the modelled pattern of dispersal reflects the pattern of observed odour incidents recorded in the community monitoring database, with the modelled odour dispersing further in a north easterly direction. Therefore, the current regulatory method of dispersion modelling, using hourly averaging times, is less successful at capturing peak concentrations, and does not capture the pattern of odour emission as indicated by the community monitoring database. The use of short averaging times is therefore of greater value in predicting the likely nuisance impact of an odour source and in framing appropriate regulatory controls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.09.022
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              Text: Apr2007
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