Continuous exposure to bisphenol A during in vitro follicular development induces meiotic abnormalities
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| Title: | Continuous exposure to bisphenol A during in vitro follicular development induces meiotic abnormalities |
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| Authors: | Lenie, Sandy1 Sandy.Lenie@vub.ac.be, Cortvrindt, Rita1,2, Eichenlaub-Ritter, Ursula3, Smitz, Johan1 |
| Source: | Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis. Mar2008, Vol. 651 Issue 1/2, p71-81. 11p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Genetics, Bisphenol A, Meiosis, Genetic mutation |
| Abstract: | Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used environmental contaminant, may exert weak estrogenic, anti-androgenic and anti-thyroidic activities. BPA is suspected to possess aneugenic properties that may affect somatic cells and mammalian oocytes. Oocyte growth and maturation depend upon a complex bi-directional signaling between the oocyte and its companion somatic cells. Consequently, disturbances in oocyte maturation may originate either from direct effects of BPA at the level of the oocyte or from indirect influences at the follicular level, such as alterations in hormonal homeostasis. This study aimed to analyze the effects of chronic BPA exposure (3nM to 30μM) on follicle-enclosed growth and maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro. Oocytes were cultured and their spindle and chromosomes were stained by α-tubulin immunofluorescence and ethidium homodimer-2, respectively. Confocal microscopy was utilized for subsequent analysis. Only follicles that were exposed to 30μM BPA during follicular development showed a slightly reduced granulosa cell proliferation and a lower total estrogen production, but they still developed and formed antral-like cavities. However, 18% of oocytes were unable to resume meiosis after stimulation of oocyte maturation, and 37% arrested after germinal vesicle breakdown, significantly different from controls (p <0.05). Only 45% of the oocytes extruded a first polar body (p <0.05). 30μM BPA led also to a significant increase in meiosis I-arrested oocytes with unaligned chromosomes and spindle aberrations. Oocytes that were able to progress beyond meiosis I, frequently arrested at an abnormal telophase I. Additionally, in many oocytes exposed to low chronic BPA that matured to meiosis II chromosomes failed to congress at the spindle equator. In conclusion, mouse follicle culture reveals non-linear dose-dependent effects of BPA on the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes when exposure was chronic throughout oocyte growth and maturation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] |
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| Database: | GreenFILE |
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