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Arterial Blood Pressure and Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: An Analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

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Title: Arterial Blood Pressure and Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: An Analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
Authors: Fuks, Kateryna B.1 kateryna.fuks@iuf-duesseldorf.de, Weinmayr, Gudrun1,2, Foraster, Maria3,4,5, Dratva, Julia6,7, Hampel, Regina8, Houthuijs, Danny9, Oftedal, Bente10, Oudin, Anna11, Panasevich, Sviatlana12, Penell, Johanna13, Sommar, Johan N.11, Sørensen, Mette14, Tiittanen, Pekka15, Wolf, Kathrin8, Xun, Wei W.16,17, Aguilera, Inmaculada3,4, Basagaña, Xavier3,4, Beelen, Rob18, Bots, Michiel L.19, Brunekreef, Bert18,19
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives. Sep2014, Vol. 122 Issue 9, p896-905. 10p. 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts.
Subject Terms: *Air pollution, *Fossil fuels, *Nitric oxide, *Environmental exposure, Hypertension risk factors, Arteries, Blood pressure, Confidence intervals, Longitudinal method, Meta-analysis, Regression analysis, Research funding, Sphygmomanometers, Cross-sectional method, Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics, Odds ratio
Geographic Terms: European Union countries
Company/Entity: European Community
Abstract: Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Arterial Blood Pressure and Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: An Analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fuks%2C+Kateryna+B%2E%22">Fuks, Kateryna B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> kateryna.fuks@iuf-duesseldorf.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weinmayr%2C+Gudrun%22">Weinmayr, Gudrun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foraster%2C+Maria%22">Foraster, Maria</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4,5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dratva%2C+Julia%22">Dratva, Julia</searchLink><relatesTo>6,7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hampel%2C+Regina%22">Hampel, Regina</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Houthuijs%2C+Danny%22">Houthuijs, Danny</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oftedal%2C+Bente%22">Oftedal, Bente</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oudin%2C+Anna%22">Oudin, Anna</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Panasevich%2C+Sviatlana%22">Panasevich, Sviatlana</searchLink><relatesTo>12</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Penell%2C+Johanna%22">Penell, Johanna</searchLink><relatesTo>13</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sommar%2C+Johan+N%2E%22">Sommar, Johan N.</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sørensen%2C+Mette%22">Sørensen, Mette</searchLink><relatesTo>14</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tiittanen%2C+Pekka%22">Tiittanen, Pekka</searchLink><relatesTo>15</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wolf%2C+Kathrin%22">Wolf, Kathrin</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xun%2C+Wei+W%2E%22">Xun, Wei W.</searchLink><relatesTo>16,17</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aguilera%2C+Inmaculada%22">Aguilera, Inmaculada</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Basagaña%2C+Xavier%22">Basagaña, Xavier</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beelen%2C+Rob%22">Beelen, Rob</searchLink><relatesTo>18</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bots%2C+Michiel+L%2E%22">Bots, Michiel L.</searchLink><relatesTo>19</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brunekreef%2C+Bert%22">Brunekreef, Bert</searchLink><relatesTo>18,19</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Health+Perspectives%22">Environmental Health Perspectives</searchLink>. Sep2014, Vol. 122 Issue 9, p896-905. 10p. 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts.
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  Data: Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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