Harm reduction in the fourth wave of the opioid epidemic: A case series investigation of the effectiveness of definitive vs presumptive urine drug testing for opioid use disorder with co-occurring polysubstance use.
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| Title: | Harm reduction in the fourth wave of the opioid epidemic: A case series investigation of the effectiveness of definitive vs presumptive urine drug testing for opioid use disorder with co-occurring polysubstance use. |
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| Authors: | Cales, Richard H.1,2 (AUTHOR) rcales@nulease.com, Bishop, Campbell L.1 (AUTHOR), Huecker, Martin R.1 (AUTHOR), Shreffler, Jacob1 (AUTHOR), Eisenstat, Matthew D.1 (AUTHOR), Troutt, D. J.2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Harm Reduction Journal. 11/18/2025, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p. |
| Database: | Academic Search Ultimate |
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| ISSN: | 14777517 |
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| DOI: | 10.1186/s12954-025-01335-4 |
