APA (7th ed.) Citation

Modabber, M., Parsapour, A., Jafari, M., Malbakhsh, M., & Shamsi Gooshki, E. (2026). Ghost mothers: Ethical challenges in Iran as an emerging destination for cross-border surrogacy: A case report. International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine, 24(2), 163. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v24i2.21056

Chicago Style (17th ed.) Citation

Modabber, Maryam, Alireza Parsapour, Mohammadreza Jafari, Mahshid Malbakhsh, and Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki. "Ghost Mothers: Ethical Challenges in Iran as an Emerging Destination for Cross-border Surrogacy: A Case Report." International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine 24, no. 2 (2026): 163. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v24i2.21056.

MLA (9th ed.) Citation

Modabber, Maryam, et al. "Ghost Mothers: Ethical Challenges in Iran as an Emerging Destination for Cross-border Surrogacy: A Case Report." International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine, vol. 24, no. 2, 2026, p. 163, https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v24i2.21056.