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Use of metakaolin with stabilised extruded earth masonry units.

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Title: Use of metakaolin with stabilised extruded earth masonry units.
Authors: Maskell, Daniel1 D.Maskell@bath.ac.uk, Heath, Andrew1, Walker, Pete1
Source: Construction & Building Materials. Mar2015, Vol. 78, p172-180. 9p.
Subjects: Masonry, Brick industry, Stability (Mechanics), Compressive strength, Feasibility studies, Strength of building materials
Abstract: Modern earth masonry increasingly utilises conventional methods of extruded fired brick production for the manufacture of unfired earth bricks. However, these bricks are not generally recommended for structural applications due to their loss of strength under elevated moisture contents. Disproportionate collapse could occur following accidental or intentional wetting of a 100 mm thick load bearing unfired earth wall. Unfired clay bricks can be chemically stabilised, typically by the addition of cement or lime to improve wet strength. However, the use of such binders has been shown to be ineffective for silt and clay rich soils used for extruded bricks. The research presented in this paper demonstrates the change in compressive strength that can be achieved through the addition of metakaolin to cement and lime stabilised extruded earth masonry. Small-scale bricks were manufactured and tested in compression in both ambient environmental conditions and following a minimum of 16 h of full submersion in water. Though the addition of metakaolin did not universally improve performance. This research presents a feasible solution using 5% lime and 10% metakaolin, that would allow unfired extruded earth masonry units to be used for structural applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 101037411
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Use of metakaolin with stabilised extruded earth masonry units.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maskell%2C+Daniel%22">Maskell, Daniel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> D.Maskell@bath.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heath%2C+Andrew%22">Heath, Andrew</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Walker%2C+Pete%22">Walker, Pete</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Construction+%26+Building+Materials%22">Construction & Building Materials</searchLink>. Mar2015, Vol. 78, p172-180. 9p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Masonry%22">Masonry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brick+industry%22">Brick industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stability+%28Mechanics%29%22">Stability (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compressive+strength%22">Compressive strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Feasibility+studies%22">Feasibility studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strength+of+building+materials%22">Strength of building materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Modern earth masonry increasingly utilises conventional methods of extruded fired brick production for the manufacture of unfired earth bricks. However, these bricks are not generally recommended for structural applications due to their loss of strength under elevated moisture contents. Disproportionate collapse could occur following accidental or intentional wetting of a 100 mm thick load bearing unfired earth wall. Unfired clay bricks can be chemically stabilised, typically by the addition of cement or lime to improve wet strength. However, the use of such binders has been shown to be ineffective for silt and clay rich soils used for extruded bricks. The research presented in this paper demonstrates the change in compressive strength that can be achieved through the addition of metakaolin to cement and lime stabilised extruded earth masonry. Small-scale bricks were manufactured and tested in compression in both ambient environmental conditions and following a minimum of 16 h of full submersion in water. Though the addition of metakaolin did not universally improve performance. This research presents a feasible solution using 5% lime and 10% metakaolin, that would allow unfired extruded earth masonry units to be used for structural applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.041
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 172
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      – SubjectFull: Masonry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brick industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stability (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Compressive strength
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      – SubjectFull: Feasibility studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Strength of building materials
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      – TitleFull: Use of metakaolin with stabilised extruded earth masonry units.
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              M: 03
              Text: Mar2015
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