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Increasing the power density and reducing the levelized cost of electricity of a reverse electrodialysis stack through blending.

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Title: Increasing the power density and reducing the levelized cost of electricity of a reverse electrodialysis stack through blending.
Authors: Weiner, Adam M.1 aweiner@alum.mit.edu, McGovern, Ronan K.1 mcgov@alum.mit.edu, Lienhard V, John H.1 lienhard@mit.edu
Source: Desalination. Aug2015, Vol. 369, p140-148. 9p.
Subjects: Power density, Electricity, Electrodialysis, Renewable energy sources, Energy consumption
Abstract: We increase the power density of a reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack by blending the low salinity feed with a higher salinity stream before the stack entrance. This lowers the capital cost of the system and the resulting levelized cost of electricity, enhancing the viability of RED renewable energy generation. Blending increases the power density by decreasing the dominating electrical resistance in the diluate channel as well as the effective resistance caused by concentration polarization, but not without sacrificing some driving potential. To quantify this trade-off and to evaluate the power density improvement blending can provide, a one-dimensional RED stack model is employed and validated with experimental results from the literature. For a typical stack configured with a feed velocity of 1 cm/s, power density improvements of over 20% and levelized cost of energy reductions of over 40% are achievable, provided the salinity of the available river water is below 200 ppm. Additional cost reductions are realized through back-end blending, whereby the diluate exit stream is used as the higher salinity blend stream. Also, improvements from blending increase for higher feed velocities, shorter stack lengths, and larger channel heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Desalination is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 102979587
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weiner%2C+Adam+M%2E%22">Weiner, Adam M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> aweiner@alum.mit.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McGovern%2C+Ronan+K%2E%22">McGovern, Ronan K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> mcgov@alum.mit.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lienhard+V%2C+John+H%2E%22">Lienhard V, John H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> lienhard@mit.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Desalination%22">Desalination</searchLink>. Aug2015, Vol. 369, p140-148. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Power+density%22">Power density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electricity%22">Electricity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrodialysis%22">Electrodialysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+sources%22">Renewable energy sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink>
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  Data: We increase the power density of a reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack by blending the low salinity feed with a higher salinity stream before the stack entrance. This lowers the capital cost of the system and the resulting levelized cost of electricity, enhancing the viability of RED renewable energy generation. Blending increases the power density by decreasing the dominating electrical resistance in the diluate channel as well as the effective resistance caused by concentration polarization, but not without sacrificing some driving potential. To quantify this trade-off and to evaluate the power density improvement blending can provide, a one-dimensional RED stack model is employed and validated with experimental results from the literature. For a typical stack configured with a feed velocity of 1 cm/s, power density improvements of over 20% and levelized cost of energy reductions of over 40% are achievable, provided the salinity of the available river water is below 200 ppm. Additional cost reductions are realized through back-end blending, whereby the diluate exit stream is used as the higher salinity blend stream. Also, improvements from blending increase for higher feed velocities, shorter stack lengths, and larger channel heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Desalination is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.04.031
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 140
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Power density
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electricity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrodialysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources
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      – SubjectFull: Energy consumption
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Increasing the power density and reducing the levelized cost of electricity of a reverse electrodialysis stack through blending.
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              Text: Aug2015
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