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Light-driven synchrony of Prochlorococcus growth and mortality in the subtropical Pacific gyre.

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Title: Light-driven synchrony of Prochlorococcus growth and mortality in the subtropical Pacific gyre.
Authors: Ribalet, Francois1 ribalet@uw.edu, Swalwell, Jarred1, Clayton, Sophie1, Jiménez, Valeria2, Sudek, Sebastian2, Yajuan Lin3, Johnson, Zackary I.3, Worden, Alexandra Z.2,4, Armbrust, E. Virginia1 armbrust@uw.edu
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 6/30/2015, Vol. 112 Issue 26, p8008-8012. 5p.
Subjects: Prochlorococcus, Biodiversity, Photosynthetic bacteria, Cell division, Flow cytometry, Bacteria
Abstract: Theoretical studies predict that competition for limited resources reduces biodiversity to the point of ecological instability, whereas strong predator/prey interactions enhance the number of coexisting species and limit fluctuations in abundances. In open ocean ecosystems, competition for low availability of essential nutrients results in relatively few abundant microbial species. The remarkable stability in overall cell abundance of the dominant photosynthetic cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is assumed to reflect a simple food web structure strongly controlled by grazers and/or viruses. This hypothesized link between stability and ecological interactions, however, has been difficult to test with open ocean microbes because sampling methods commonly have poor temporal and spatial resolution. Here we use continuous techniques on two different winter-time cruises to show that Prochlorococcus cell production and mortality rates are tightly synchronized to the day/night cycle across the subtropical Pacific Ocean. In warmer waters, we observed harmonic oscillations in cell production and mortality rates, with a peak in mortality rate consistently occurring ∼6 h after the peak in cell production. Essentially no cell mortality was observed during daylight. Our results are best explained as a synchronized two-component trophic interaction with the per-capita rates of Prochlorococcus consumption driven either directly by the day/night cycle or indirectly by Prochlorococcus cell production. Light-driven synchrony of food web dynamics in which most of the newly produced Prochlorococcus cells are consumed each night likely enforces ecosystem stability across vast expanses of the open ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Light-driven synchrony of Prochlorococcus growth and mortality in the subtropical Pacific gyre.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ribalet%2C+Francois%22">Ribalet, Francois</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ribalet@uw.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Swalwell%2C+Jarred%22">Swalwell, Jarred</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clayton%2C+Sophie%22">Clayton, Sophie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiménez%2C+Valeria%22">Jiménez, Valeria</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sudek%2C+Sebastian%22">Sudek, Sebastian</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yajuan+Lin%22">Yajuan Lin</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johnson%2C+Zackary+I%2E%22">Johnson, Zackary I.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Worden%2C+Alexandra+Z%2E%22">Worden, Alexandra Z.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Armbrust%2C+E%2E+Virginia%22">Armbrust, E. Virginia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> armbrust@uw.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America%22">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</searchLink>. 6/30/2015, Vol. 112 Issue 26, p8008-8012. 5p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prochlorococcus%22">Prochlorococcus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biodiversity%22">Biodiversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photosynthetic+bacteria%22">Photosynthetic bacteria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+division%22">Cell division</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+cytometry%22">Flow cytometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bacteria%22">Bacteria</searchLink>
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  Data: Theoretical studies predict that competition for limited resources reduces biodiversity to the point of ecological instability, whereas strong predator/prey interactions enhance the number of coexisting species and limit fluctuations in abundances. In open ocean ecosystems, competition for low availability of essential nutrients results in relatively few abundant microbial species. The remarkable stability in overall cell abundance of the dominant photosynthetic cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is assumed to reflect a simple food web structure strongly controlled by grazers and/or viruses. This hypothesized link between stability and ecological interactions, however, has been difficult to test with open ocean microbes because sampling methods commonly have poor temporal and spatial resolution. Here we use continuous techniques on two different winter-time cruises to show that Prochlorococcus cell production and mortality rates are tightly synchronized to the day/night cycle across the subtropical Pacific Ocean. In warmer waters, we observed harmonic oscillations in cell production and mortality rates, with a peak in mortality rate consistently occurring ∼6 h after the peak in cell production. Essentially no cell mortality was observed during daylight. Our results are best explained as a synchronized two-component trophic interaction with the per-capita rates of Prochlorococcus consumption driven either directly by the day/night cycle or indirectly by Prochlorococcus cell production. Light-driven synchrony of food web dynamics in which most of the newly produced Prochlorococcus cells are consumed each night likely enforces ecosystem stability across vast expanses of the open ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Photosynthetic bacteria
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      – SubjectFull: Flow cytometry
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      – SubjectFull: Bacteria
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              Text: 6/30/2015
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