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Thermodynamics of CeO2 Thermochemical Fuel Production.

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Title: Thermodynamics of CeO2 Thermochemical Fuel Production.
Authors: Bulfin, B.1 bulfinb@tcd.ie, Call, F.2, Lange, M.2, Lübben, O.1, Sattler, C.2, Pitz-Paal, R.2, Shvets, I. V.1
Source: Energy & Fuels. Feb2015, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p1001-1009. 9p.
Subjects: Thermodynamics, Isothermal flows, Partial pressure, Chemical kinetics, Oxidation
Abstract: In this work the thermodynamics of thermochemical fuel production using a CeO2 redox cycle are studied. The need to reduce the oxygen partial pressure in order to improve efficiency is investigated, with both sweep gas and vacuum pumping considered as methods of achieving this. At ambient pressure the cycles can be maximized with respect to the temperature swing, the minimum oxygen partial pressure, and the extent of the oxidation reaction. For reduction at 1500 °C the maximum efficiency was found to be 4.5%, which is significantly lower than the values found in previous studies. In addition isothermal operation had very low efficiency (less than 2%) under all of the conditions considered. If the system is operated at lower than ambient pressure, the pumping efficiency will depend on the pressure. From an investigation of commercially available pumps the pressure dependence was given an analytical expression. The results showed the cycles have an optimal operating pressure and that using sweep gas, as well as pumping, only reduced the overall efficiency. The efficiency was maximized with respect to the temperature swing, the reduction pressure, and the extent of oxidation, giving a peak efficiency of 7.5% for a reduction temperature of 1500 °C. Reducing the pressure during reduction could also be beneficial due to improved reaction kinetics at lower pressure and an increased yield due to lower oxygen partial pressures. Recovering heat from both the high temperature ceria and the oxidation reaction, and using it as process heat, was also considered. With 60% of this heat being recovered, the peak efficiency for the 1500 °C pumped cycle increased to 11%. Finally the practicality of the cycles, in terms of the quantity of ceria required to maintain continuous operation, are considered, and some suggestions for improving the cycle are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energy & Fuels is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Thermodynamics of CeO<subscript>2</subscript> Thermochemical Fuel Production.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bulfin%2C+B%2E%22">Bulfin, B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> bulfinb@tcd.ie</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Call%2C+F%2E%22">Call, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lange%2C+M%2E%22">Lange, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lübben%2C+O%2E%22">Lübben, O.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sattler%2C+C%2E%22">Sattler, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pitz-Paal%2C+R%2E%22">Pitz-Paal, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shvets%2C+I%2E+V%2E%22">Shvets, I. V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energy+%26+Fuels%22">Energy & Fuels</searchLink>. Feb2015, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p1001-1009. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermodynamics%22">Thermodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isothermal+flows%22">Isothermal flows</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Partial+pressure%22">Partial pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+kinetics%22">Chemical kinetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxidation%22">Oxidation</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In this work the thermodynamics of thermochemical fuel production using a CeO2 redox cycle are studied. The need to reduce the oxygen partial pressure in order to improve efficiency is investigated, with both sweep gas and vacuum pumping considered as methods of achieving this. At ambient pressure the cycles can be maximized with respect to the temperature swing, the minimum oxygen partial pressure, and the extent of the oxidation reaction. For reduction at 1500 °C the maximum efficiency was found to be 4.5%, which is significantly lower than the values found in previous studies. In addition isothermal operation had very low efficiency (less than 2%) under all of the conditions considered. If the system is operated at lower than ambient pressure, the pumping efficiency will depend on the pressure. From an investigation of commercially available pumps the pressure dependence was given an analytical expression. The results showed the cycles have an optimal operating pressure and that using sweep gas, as well as pumping, only reduced the overall efficiency. The efficiency was maximized with respect to the temperature swing, the reduction pressure, and the extent of oxidation, giving a peak efficiency of 7.5% for a reduction temperature of 1500 °C. Reducing the pressure during reduction could also be beneficial due to improved reaction kinetics at lower pressure and an increased yield due to lower oxygen partial pressures. Recovering heat from both the high temperature ceria and the oxidation reaction, and using it as process heat, was also considered. With 60% of this heat being recovered, the peak efficiency for the 1500 °C pumped cycle increased to 11%. Finally the practicality of the cycles, in terms of the quantity of ceria required to maintain continuous operation, are considered, and some suggestions for improving the cycle are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energy & Fuels is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1021/ef5019912
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Isothermal flows
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      – SubjectFull: Partial pressure
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      – SubjectFull: Chemical kinetics
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      – SubjectFull: Oxidation
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      – TitleFull: Thermodynamics of CeO2 Thermochemical Fuel Production.
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              Text: Feb2015
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