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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on plant competition and community structure.

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Title: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on plant competition and community structure.
Authors: Lin, Guigang1,2, McCormack, M. Luke1, Guo, Dali1, Phillips, Ryan
Source: Journal of Ecology. Sep2015, Vol. 103 Issue 5, p1224-1232. 9p. 1 Chart, 6 Graphs.
Subjects: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas, Plant competition, Plant communities, Plant-soil relationships, Plant species diversity, Plant productivity, Plant ecology
Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF) mediate plant interspecific competition and community structure. However, the magnitude and direction of AMF effects and underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we synthesized the results of 304 studies to evaluate how AMF affect plant competition and community structure and which abiotic and biotic conditions in experimental design modify these AMF effects., The magnitude and direction of AMF effects on plant competitive ability (in terms of competitive response) differed markedly among plant functional groups. When AMF inoculum was added, competitive ability was strongly enhanced in N-fixing forbs and was significantly suppressed in C3 grasses, whereas no effect was observed in C4 grasses, non-N-fixing forbs and woody species. Furthermore, AMF inoculation increased competitive ability of perennial species when their competitors were annual species., AMF inoculation differentially influenced separate aspects of plant community structure and species composition. AMF inoculation significantly increased plant diversity but had no effects on plant productivity. Response of dominant plant species to AMF inoculation was the determining factor in explaining variations in how and to what degree plant diversity was influenced by AMF inoculation. When dominant species derived strong benefits from AMF, their dominance level was increased by AMF inoculation, which consequently decreased plant diversity. We did not find stronger AMF effects on plant diversity and productivity when greater numbers of AMF species were used in the inoculation., Synthesis. Despite large variations in AMF effects among studies, a unifying mechanism was observed that the mycorrhizal responsiveness (differences in plant growth between AMF and non- AMF colonization treatments) of target and neighbouring plant species can determine AMF effects on the competitive outcome among plant species, which in turn influenced plant species diversity and community composition. Given that plant traits, soil nutrient conditions and probably mycorrhizal fungal traits are all factors determining the degree of mycorrhizal response of plant species, future studies should explicitly consider each of these factors in experimental design to better understand AMF effects on plant coexistence, plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on plant competition and community structure.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+Guigang%22">Lin, Guigang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McCormack%2C+M%2E+Luke%22">McCormack, M. Luke</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Dali%22">Guo, Dali</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Phillips%2C+Ryan%22">Phillips, Ryan</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Ecology%22">Journal of Ecology</searchLink>. Sep2015, Vol. 103 Issue 5, p1224-1232. 9p. 1 Chart, 6 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vesicular-arbuscular+mycorrhizas%22">Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+competition%22">Plant competition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+communities%22">Plant communities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant-soil+relationships%22">Plant-soil relationships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+species+diversity%22">Plant species diversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+productivity%22">Plant productivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+ecology%22">Plant ecology</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF) mediate plant interspecific competition and community structure. However, the magnitude and direction of AMF effects and underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we synthesized the results of 304 studies to evaluate how AMF affect plant competition and community structure and which abiotic and biotic conditions in experimental design modify these AMF effects., The magnitude and direction of AMF effects on plant competitive ability (in terms of competitive response) differed markedly among plant functional groups. When AMF inoculum was added, competitive ability was strongly enhanced in N-fixing forbs and was significantly suppressed in C3 grasses, whereas no effect was observed in C4 grasses, non-N-fixing forbs and woody species. Furthermore, AMF inoculation increased competitive ability of perennial species when their competitors were annual species., AMF inoculation differentially influenced separate aspects of plant community structure and species composition. AMF inoculation significantly increased plant diversity but had no effects on plant productivity. Response of dominant plant species to AMF inoculation was the determining factor in explaining variations in how and to what degree plant diversity was influenced by AMF inoculation. When dominant species derived strong benefits from AMF, their dominance level was increased by AMF inoculation, which consequently decreased plant diversity. We did not find stronger AMF effects on plant diversity and productivity when greater numbers of AMF species were used in the inoculation., Synthesis. Despite large variations in AMF effects among studies, a unifying mechanism was observed that the mycorrhizal responsiveness (differences in plant growth between AMF and non- AMF colonization treatments) of target and neighbouring plant species can determine AMF effects on the competitive outcome among plant species, which in turn influenced plant species diversity and community composition. Given that plant traits, soil nutrient conditions and probably mycorrhizal fungal traits are all factors determining the degree of mycorrhizal response of plant species, future studies should explicitly consider each of these factors in experimental design to better understand AMF effects on plant coexistence, plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1365-2745.12429
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1224
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant competition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant communities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant-soil relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant species diversity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant productivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant ecology
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on plant competition and community structure.
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            NameFull: Lin, Guigang
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            NameFull: McCormack, M. Luke
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            NameFull: Guo, Dali
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            NameFull: Phillips, Ryan
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2015
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              Y: 2015
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