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Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo (31)P MRS signal from the human liver.

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Title: Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo (31)P MRS signal from the human liver.
Authors: Chmelík, Marek (AUTHOR), Valkovic, Ladislav (AUTHOR), Wolf, Peter (AUTHOR), Bogner, Wolfgang (AUTHOR), Gajdosík, Martin (AUTHOR), Halilbasic, Emina (AUTHOR), Gruber, Stephan (AUTHOR), Trauner, Michael (AUTHOR), Krebs, Michael (AUTHOR), Trattnig, Siegfried (AUTHOR), Krssák, Martin (AUTHOR), Valkovič, Ladislav (AUTHOR), Gajdošík, Martin (AUTHOR), Krššák, Martin (AUTHOR)
Source: European Radiology. Jul2015, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p2059-2066. 8p.
Subjects: Lecithin metabolism, Bile, Comparative studies, Gallbladder, Isotopes, Liver, Longitudinal method, Magnetic resonance imaging, Research methodology, Medical cooperation, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Imaging phantoms, Research, Hydroxy acids, Evaluation research, Human research subjects, Retrospective studies
Abstract: Objectives: To demonstrate the overlap of the hepatic and bile phosphorus ((31)P) magnetic resonance (MR) spectra and provide evidence of phosphatidylcholine (PtdC) contribution to the in vivo hepatic (31)P MRS phosphodiester (PDE) signal, suggested in previous reports to be phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).Methods: Phantom measurements to assess the chemical shifts of PEP and PtdC signals were performed at 7 T. A retrospective analysis of hepatic 3D (31)P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data from 18 and five volunteers at 3 T and 7 T, respectively, was performed. Axial images were inspected for the presence of gallbladder, and PDE signals in representative spectra were quantified.Results: Phantom experiments demonstrated the strong pH-dependence of the PEP chemical shift and proved the overlap of PtdC and PEP (~2 ppm relative to phosphocreatine) at hepatic pH. Gallbladder was covered in seven of 23 in vivo 3D-MRSI datasets. The PDE(gall)/γ-ATP(liver) ratio was 4.8-fold higher (p = 0.001) in the gallbladder (PDE(gall)/γ-ATP(liver) = 3.61 ± 0.79) than in the liver (PDE(liver)/γ-ATP(liver) = 0.75 ± 0.15). In vivo 7 T (31)P MRSI allowed good separation of PDE components. The gallbladder is a strong source of contamination in adjacent (31)P MR hepatic spectra due to biliary phosphatidylcholine.Conclusions: In vivo (31)P MR hepatic signal at 2.06 ppm may represent both phosphatidylcholine and phosphoenolpyruvate, with a higher phosphatidylcholine contribution due to its higher concentration.Key Points: • In vivo (31)P MRS from the gallbladder shows a dominant biliary phosphatidylcholine signal at 2.06 ppm. • Intrahepatic (31)P MRS signal at 2.06 ppm may represent both intrahepatic phosphatidylcholine and phosphoenolpyruvate. • In vivo (31)P MRS has the potential to monitor hepatic phosphatidylcholine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo (31)P MRS signal from the human liver.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chmelík%2C+Marek%22">Chmelík, Marek</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valkovic%2C+Ladislav%22">Valkovic, Ladislav</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wolf%2C+Peter%22">Wolf, Peter</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bogner%2C+Wolfgang%22">Bogner, Wolfgang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gajdosík%2C+Martin%22">Gajdosík, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Halilbasic%2C+Emina%22">Halilbasic, Emina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gruber%2C+Stephan%22">Gruber, Stephan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Trauner%2C+Michael%22">Trauner, Michael</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krebs%2C+Michael%22">Krebs, Michael</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Trattnig%2C+Siegfried%22">Trattnig, Siegfried</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krssák%2C+Martin%22">Krssák, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valkovič%2C+Ladislav%22">Valkovič, Ladislav</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gajdošík%2C+Martin%22">Gajdošík, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krššák%2C+Martin%22">Krššák, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Radiology%22">European Radiology</searchLink>. Jul2015, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p2059-2066. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lecithin+metabolism%22">Lecithin metabolism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bile%22">Bile</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gallbladder%22">Gallbladder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isotopes%22">Isotopes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liver%22">Liver</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+cooperation%22">Medical cooperation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+magnetic+resonance+spectroscopy%22">Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Imaging+phantoms%22">Imaging phantoms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydroxy+acids%22">Hydroxy acids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+research%22">Evaluation research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+research+subjects%22">Human research subjects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: <bold>Objectives: </bold>To demonstrate the overlap of the hepatic and bile phosphorus ((31)P) magnetic resonance (MR) spectra and provide evidence of phosphatidylcholine (PtdC) contribution to the in vivo hepatic (31)P MRS phosphodiester (PDE) signal, suggested in previous reports to be phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).<bold>Methods: </bold>Phantom measurements to assess the chemical shifts of PEP and PtdC signals were performed at 7 T. A retrospective analysis of hepatic 3D (31)P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data from 18 and five volunteers at 3 T and 7 T, respectively, was performed. Axial images were inspected for the presence of gallbladder, and PDE signals in representative spectra were quantified.<bold>Results: </bold>Phantom experiments demonstrated the strong pH-dependence of the PEP chemical shift and proved the overlap of PtdC and PEP (~2 ppm relative to phosphocreatine) at hepatic pH. Gallbladder was covered in seven of 23 in vivo 3D-MRSI datasets. The PDE(gall)/γ-ATP(liver) ratio was 4.8-fold higher (p = 0.001) in the gallbladder (PDE(gall)/γ-ATP(liver) = 3.61 ± 0.79) than in the liver (PDE(liver)/γ-ATP(liver) = 0.75 ± 0.15). In vivo 7 T (31)P MRSI allowed good separation of PDE components. The gallbladder is a strong source of contamination in adjacent (31)P MR hepatic spectra due to biliary phosphatidylcholine.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In vivo (31)P MR hepatic signal at 2.06 ppm may represent both phosphatidylcholine and phosphoenolpyruvate, with a higher phosphatidylcholine contribution due to its higher concentration.<bold>Key Points: </bold>• In vivo (31)P MRS from the gallbladder shows a dominant biliary phosphatidylcholine signal at 2.06 ppm. • Intrahepatic (31)P MRS signal at 2.06 ppm may represent both intrahepatic phosphatidylcholine and phosphoenolpyruvate. • In vivo (31)P MRS has the potential to monitor hepatic phosphatidylcholine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – TitleFull: Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo (31)P MRS signal from the human liver.
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